Exam : Technician Element : 2 Effective : 'July 1, 2014' Expires : 'June 30, 2018' Copyright : '2017 Herb Weiner ' License : 'Creative Commons-Attribution-ShareAlike https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us' MaxSubelementLen : 124 MaxGroupLen : 312 Subelements: - Subelement : T1 sDescription : 'FCC Rules, Descriptions and Definitions For The Amateur Radio Service, Operator and Station License Responsibilities' nExpectedGroups : 6 nExpectedQuestions : 78 Groups : - Group : T1A gDescription : 'Amateur Radio Service: purpose and permissible use of the Amateur Radio Service; operator/primary station license grant; where FCC rules are codified; basis and purpose of FCC rules; meanings of basic terms used in FCC rules; interference; spectrum management' Questions : - Name : T1A01 Question : 'Which of the following is a purpose of the Amateur Radio Service as stated in the FCC rules and regulations?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Providing personal radio communications for as many citizens as possible - Text : 'Providing communications for international non-profit organizations' - Text : Advancing skills in the technical and communication phases of the radio art - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.1 - Name : T1A02 Question : 'Which agency regulates and enforces the rules for the Amateur Radio Service in the United States?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : FEMA - Text : The ITU - Text : The FCC - Text : Homeland Security ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.1 - Name : T1A03 Question : 'Which part of the FCC regulations contains the rules governing the Amateur Radio Service?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Part 73 - Text : Part 95 - Text : Part 90 - Text : Part 97 - Name : T1A04 Question : 'Which of the following meets the FCC definition of harmful interference?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Radio transmissions that annoy users of a repeater - Text : Unwanted radio transmissions that cause costly harm to radio station apparatus - Text : 'That which seriously degrades, obstructs, or repeatedly interrupts a radio communication service operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations' - Text : Static from lightning storms ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(23) - Name : T1A05 Question : 'Which of the following is a purpose of the Amateur Radio Service rules and regulations as defined by the FCC?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Enhancing international goodwill - Text : Providing inexpensive communication for local emergency organizations - Text : Training of operators in military radio operating procedures - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.1 (e) - Name : T1A06 Question : 'Which of the following services are protected from interference by amateur signals under all circumstances?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Citizens Radio Service - Text : Broadcast Service - Text : Land Mobile Radio Service - Text : Radionavigation Service ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.101 (d), 97.303 (o)(2)' - Name : T1A07 Question : 'What is the FCC Part 97 definition of telemetry?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : An information bulletin issued by the FCC - Text : 'A one-way transmission to initiate, modify or terminate functions of a device at a distance' - Text : 'A one-way transmission of measurements at a distance from the measuring instrument' - Text : An information bulletin from a VEC ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(46) - Name : T1A08 Question : 'Which of the following entities recommends transmit/receive channels and other parameters for auxiliary and repeater stations?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Frequency Spectrum Manager - Text : Frequency Coordinator - Text : FCC Regional Field Office - Text : International Telecommunications Union ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(22) - Name : T1A09 Question : 'Who selects a Frequency Coordinator?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The FCC Office of Spectrum Management and Coordination Policy - Text : The local chapter of the Office of National Council of Independent Frequency Coordinators - Text : Amateur operators in a local or regional area whose stations are eligible to be auxiliary or repeater stations - Text : FCC Regional Field Office ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(22) - Name : T1A10 Question : 'What is the FCC Part 97 definition of an amateur station?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A station in the Amateur Radio Service consisting of the apparatus necessary for carrying on radio communications - Text : 'A building where Amateur Radio receivers, transmitters, and RF power amplifiers are installed' - Text : 'Any radio station operated by a non-professional' - Text : Any radio station for hobby use ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(5) - Name : T1A11 Question : 'When is willful interference to other amateur radio stations permitted?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Only if the station being interfered with is expressing extreme religious or political views - Text : At no time - Text : Only during a contest - Text : 'At any time, amateurs are not protected from willful interference' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.101 (d) - Name : T1A12 Question : 'Which of the following is a permissible use of the Amateur Radio Service?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Broadcasting music and videos to friends - Text : Providing a way for amateur radio operators to earn additional income by using their stations to pass messages - Text : 'Providing low-cost communications for start-up businesses' - Text : Allowing a person to conduct radio experiments and to communicate with other licensed hams around the world - Name : T1A13 Question : 'What is the FCC Part 97 definition of telecommand?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : An instruction bulletin issued by the FCC - Text : 'A one-way radio transmission of measurements at a distance from the measuring instrument' - Text : 'A one-way transmission to initiate, modify or terminate functions of a device at a distance' - Text : An instruction from a VEC ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(45) - Name : T1A14 Question : 'What must you do if you are operating on the 23 cm band and learn that you are interfering with a radiolocation station outside the United States?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Stop operating or take steps to eliminate the harmful interference - Text : 'Nothing, because this band is allocated exclusively to the amateur service' - Text : Establish contact with the radiolocation station and ask them to change frequency - Text : 'Change to CW mode, because this would not likely cause interference' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.303(d) - Group : T1B gDescription : 'Authorized frequencies: frequency allocations; ITU regions; emission modes; restricted sub-bands; spectrum sharing; transmissions near band edges' Questions : - Name : T1B01 Question : 'What is the ITU?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : An agency of the United States Department of Telecommunications Management - Text : A United Nations agency for information and communication technology issues - Text : An independent frequency coordination agency - Text : A department of the FCC - Name : T1B02 Question : 'Why are the frequency assignments for some U.S. Territories different from those in the 50 U.S. States?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Some U. S. Territories are located in ITU regions other than region 2 - Text : Territorial governments are allowed to select their own frequency allocations - Text : Territorial frequency allocations must also include those of adjacent countries - Text : Any territory that was in existence before the ratification of the Communications Act of 1934 is exempt from FCC frequency regulations ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301 - Name : T1B03 Question : 'Which frequency is within the 6 meter band?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 49.00 MHz - Text : 52.525 MHz - Text : 28.50 MHz - Text : 222.15 MHz ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301(a) - Name : T1B04 Question : 'Which amateur band are you using when your station is transmitting on 146.52 MHz?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 2 meter band - Text : 20 meter band - Text : 14 meter band - Text : 6 meter band ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301(a) - Name : T1B05 Question : 'Which 70 cm frequency is authorized to a Technician Class license holder operating in ITU Region 2?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 53.350 MHz - Text : 146.520 MHz - Text : 443.350 MHz - Text : 222.520 MHz ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301(a) - Name : T1B06 Question : 'Which 23 cm frequency is authorized to a Technician Class licensee?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 2315 MHz - Text : 1296 MHz - Text : 3390 MHz - Text : 146.52 MHz ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301(a) - Name : T1B07 Question : 'What amateur band are you using if you are transmitting on 223.50 MHz?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 15 meter band - Text : 10 meter band - Text : 2 meter band - Text : 1.25 meter band ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301(a) - Name : T1B08 Question : 'Which of the following is a result of the fact that the amateur service is secondary in some portions of the 70 cm band?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'U.S. amateurs may find non-amateur stations in the bands, and must avoid interfering with them' - Text : U.S. amateurs must give foreign amateur stations priority in those portions - Text : International communications are not permitted on 70 cm - Text : Digital transmissions are not permitted on 70 cm ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.303 - Name : T1B09 Question : 'Why should you not set your transmit frequency to be exactly at the edge of an amateur band or sub-band?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : To allow for calibration error in the transmitter frequency display - Text : So that modulation sidebands do not extend beyond the band edge - Text : To allow for transmitter frequency drift - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.101(a), 97.301(a-e)' - Name : T1B10 Question : 'Which of the bands above 30 MHz that are available to Technician Class operators have mode-restricted sub-bands?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'The 6 meter, 2 meter, and 70 cm bands' - Text : The 2 meter and 13 cm bands - Text : 'The 6 meter, 2 meter, and 1.25 meter bands' - Text : The 2 meter and 70 cm bands ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.301(e), 97.305(c)' - Name : T1B11 Question : 'What emission modes are permitted in the mode-restricted sub-bands at 50.0 to 50.1 MHz and 144.0 to 144.1 MHz?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : CW only - Text : CW and RTTY - Text : SSB only - Text : CW and SSB ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.301(a), 97.305 (a)(c)' - Name : T1B12 Question : 'Why are frequency assignments for U.S. stations operating maritime mobile not the same everywhere in the world?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Amateur maritime mobile stations in international waters must conform to the frequency assignments of the country nearest to their vessel - Text : Amateur frequency assignments can vary among the three ITU regions - Text : Frequency assignments are determined by the captain of the vessel - Text : Amateur frequency assignments are different in each of the 90 ITU zones ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.301 - Name : T1B13 Question : 'Which emission may be used between 219 and 220 MHz?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Spread spectrum - Text : Data - Text : SSB voice - Text : 'Fast-scan television' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.305(c) - Group : T1C gDescription : 'Operator licensing: operator classes; sequential, special event, and vanity call sign systems; international communications; reciprocal operation; station license and licensee; places where the amateur service is regulated by the FCC; name and address on FCC license database; license term; renewal; grace period' Questions : - Name : T1C01 Question : 'Which type of call sign has a single letter in both its prefix and suffix?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Vanity - Text : Sequential - Text : Special event - Text : 'In-memoriam' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(11)(iii) - Name : T1C02 Question : 'Which of the following is a valid US amateur radio station call sign?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : KMA3505 - Text : W3ABC - Text : KDKA - Text : 11Q1176 - Name : T1C03 Question : 'What types of international communications are permitted by an FCC-licensed amateur station?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Communications incidental to the purposes of the amateur service and remarks of a personal character - Text : Communications incidental to conducting business or remarks of a personal nature - Text : 'Only communications incidental to contest exchanges, all other communications are prohibited' - Text : Any communications that would be permitted by an international broadcast station ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.117 - Name : T1C04 Question : 'When are you allowed to operate your amateur station in a foreign country?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : When the foreign country authorizes it - Text : When there is a mutual agreement allowing third party communications - Text : When authorization permits amateur communications in a foreign language - Text : 'When you are communicating with non-licensed individuals in another country' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.107 - Name : T1C05 Question : 'Which of the following is a vanity call sign which a technician class amateur operator might select if available?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : K1XXX - Text : KA1X - Text : W1XX - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T1C06 Question : 'From which of the following locations may an FCC-licensed amateur station transmit, in addition to places where the FCC regulates communications?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : From within any country that belongs to the International Telecommunications Union - Text : From within any country that is a member of the United Nations - Text : From anywhere within in ITU Regions 2 and 3 - Text : From any vessel or craft located in international waters and documented or registered in the United States ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.5(a)(2) - Name : T1C07 Question : 'What may result when correspondence from the FCC is returned as undeliverable because the grantee failed to provide the correct mailing address?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Fine or imprisonment - Text : Revocation of the station license or suspension of the operator license - Text : 'Require the licensee to be re-examined' - Text : A reduction of one rank in operator class ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.23 - Name : T1C08 Question : 'What is the normal term for an FCC-issued primary station/operator amateur radio license grant?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Five years - Text : Life - Text : Ten years - Text : Twenty years ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.25 - Name : T1C09 Question : 'What is the grace period following the expiration of an amateur license within which the license may be renewed?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Two years - Text : Three years - Text : Five years - Text : Ten years ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.21(a)(b) - Name : T1C10 Question : 'How soon after passing the examination for your first amateur radio license may you operate a transmitter on an amateur service frequency?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Immediately - Text : 30 days after the test date - Text : "As soon as your operator/station license grant appears in the FCC's license database" - Text : You must wait until you receive your license in the mail from the FCC ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.5a - Name : T1C11 Question : 'If your license has expired and is still within the allowable grace period, may you continue to operate a transmitter on amateur service frequencies?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'No, transmitting is not allowed until the FCC license database shows that the license has been renewed' - Text : 'Yes, but only if you identify using the suffix GP' - Text : 'Yes, but only during authorized nets' - Text : 'Yes, for up to two years' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.21(b) - Name : T1C12 Question : 'Who may select a desired call sign under the vanity call sign rules?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Only licensed amateurs with general or extra class licenses - Text : Only licensed amateurs with an extra class license - Text : Only an amateur licensee who has been licensed continuously for more than 10 years - Text : Any licensed amateur ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.19 - Name : T1C13 Question : 'For which licenses classes are new licenses currently available from the FCC?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Novice, Technician, General, Advanced' - Text : 'Technician, Technician Plus, General, Advanced' - Text : 'Novice, Technician Plus, General, Advanced' - Text : 'Technician, General, Amateur Extra' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.9(a), 97.17(a)' - Name : T1C14 Question : 'Who may select a vanity call sign for a club station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Any Extra Class member of the club - Text : Any member of the club - Text : Any officer of the club - Text : Only the person named as trustee on the club station license grant ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.21(a) (1) - Group : T1D gDescription : 'Authorized and prohibited transmission: communications with other countries; music; exchange of information with other services; indecent language; compensation for use of station; retransmission of other amateur signals; codes and ciphers; sale of equipment; unidentified transmissions; broadcasting' Questions : - Name : T1D01 Question : 'With which countries are FCC-licensed amateur stations prohibited from exchanging communications?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Any country whose administration has notified the ITU that it objects to such communications - Text : Any country whose administration has notified the ARRL that it objects to such communications - Text : Any country engaged in hostilities with another country - Text : Any country in violation of the War Powers Act of 1934 ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.111(a)(1) - Name : T1D02 Question : 'On which of the following occasions may an FCC-licensed amateur station exchange messages with a U.S. military station?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : During an Armed Forces Day Communications Test - Text : During a Memorial Day Celebration - Text : During an Independence Day celebration - Text : During a propagation test ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.111(a)(5) - Name : T1D03 Question : 'When is the transmission of codes or ciphers that hide the meaning of a message allowed by an amateur station?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Only during contests - Text : Only when operating mobile - Text : Only when transmitting control commands to space stations or radio control craft - Text : Only when frequencies above 1280 MHz are used ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.211(b), 97.215(b)' - Name : T1D04 Question : 'What is the only time an amateur station is authorized to transmit music?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : When incidental to an authorized retransmission of manned spacecraft communications - Text : When the music produces no spurious emissions - Text : When the purpose is to interfere with an illegal transmission - Text : When the music is transmitted above 1280 MHz ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.113(a)(4), 97.113(c)' - Name : T1D05 Question : 'When may amateur radio operators use their stations to notify other amateurs of the availability of equipment for sale or trade?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : When the equipment is normally used in an amateur station and such activity is not conducted on a regular basis - Text : When the asking price is $100.00 or less - Text : When the asking price is less than its appraised value - Text : When the equipment is not the personal property of either the station licensee or the control operator or their close relatives ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.113(a)(3)(ii) - Name : T1D06 Question : 'What, if any, are the restrictions concerning transmission of language that may be considered indecent or obscene?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The FCC maintains a list of words that are not permitted to be used on amateur frequencies - Text : Any such language is prohibited - Text : The ITU maintains a list of words that are not permitted to be used on amateur frequencies - Text : There is no such prohibition ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.113(a)(4) - Name : T1D07 Question : 'What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Auxiliary, beacon, or Earth stations' - Text : 'Auxiliary, repeater, or space stations' - Text : 'Beacon, repeater, or space stations' - Text : 'Earth, repeater, or space stations' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.113(d) - Name : T1D08 Question : 'In which of the following circumstances may the control operator of an amateur station receive compensation for operating the station?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : When engaging in communications on behalf of their employer - Text : When the communication is incidental to classroom instruction at an educational institution - Text : 'When re-broadcasting weather alerts during a RACES net' - Text : When notifying other amateur operators of the availability for sale or trade of apparatus ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.113(a)(3)(iii) - Name : T1D09 Question : 'Under which of the following circumstances are amateur stations authorized to transmit signals related to broadcasting, program production, or news gathering, assuming no other means is available?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Only where such communications directly relate to the immediate safety of human life or protection of property - Text : Only when broadcasting communications to or from the space shuttle - Text : Only where noncommercial programming is gathered and supplied exclusively to the National Public Radio network - Text : Only when using amateur repeaters linked to the Internet ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.113(5)(b) - Name : T1D10 Question : 'What is the meaning of the term "broadcasting" in the FCC rules for the amateur services?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Two-way transmissions by amateur stations' - Text : Transmission of music - Text : Transmission of messages directed only to amateur operators - Text : Transmissions intended for reception by the general public ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(10) - Name : T1D11 Question : 'When may an amateur station transmit without identifying?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : When the transmissions are of a brief nature to make station adjustments - Text : When the transmissions are unmodulated - Text : When the transmitted power level is below 1 watt - Text : When transmitting signals to control a model craft ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(a) - Name : T1D12 Question : 'Under which of the following circumstances may an amateur radio station engage in broadcasting?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Under no circumstances - Text : 'When transmitting code practice, information bulletins, or transmissions necessary to provide emergency communications' - Text : At any time as long as no music is transmitted - Text : At any time as long as the material being transmitted did not originate from a commercial broadcast station - Group : T1E gDescription : 'Control operator and control types: control operator required; eligibility; designation of control operator; privileges and duties; control point; local, automatic and remote control; location of control operator' Questions : - Name : T1E01 Question : 'When is an amateur station permitted to transmit without a control operator?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'When using automatic control, such as in the case of a repeater' - Text : When the station licensee is away and another licensed amateur is using the station - Text : When the transmitting station is an auxiliary station - Text : Never ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.7(a) - Name : T1E02 Question : 'Who may a station licensee designate to be the control operator of an amateur station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Any U.S. citizen or registered alien - Text : Any family member of the station licensee - Text : Any person over the age of 18 - Text : Only a person for whom an amateur operator/primary station license grant appears in the FCC database or who is authorized for alien reciprocal operation ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.7(a) - Name : T1E03 Question : 'Who must designate the station control operator?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The station licensee - Text : The FCC - Text : The frequency coordinator - Text : The ITU ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(b) - Name : T1E04 Question : 'What determines the transmitting privileges of an amateur station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The frequency authorized by the frequency coordinator - Text : The class of operator license held by the station licensee - Text : The highest class of operator license held by anyone on the premises - Text : The class of operator license held by the control operator ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(b) - Name : T1E05 Question : 'What is an amateur station control point?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : "The location of the station's transmitting antenna" - Text : The location of the station transmitting apparatus - Text : The location at which the control operator function is performed - Text : The mailing address of the station licensee ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(14) - Name : T1E06 Question : 'Under what type of control do APRS network digipeaters operate?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Automatic - Text : Remote - Text : Local - Text : Manual ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.109(d) - Name : T1E07 Question : 'When the control operator is not the station licensee, who is responsible for the proper operation of the station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : All licensed amateurs who are present at the operation - Text : Only the station licensee - Text : Only the control operator - Text : The control operator and the station licensee are equally responsible ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(a) - Name : T1E08 Question : 'Which of the following is an example of automatic control?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Repeater operation - Text : Controlling the station over the Internet - Text : Using a computer or other device to automatically send CW - Text : Using a computer or other device to automatically identify ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.3(a)(6), 97.205(d)' - Name : T1E09 Question : 'What type of control is being used when the control operator is at the control point?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Radio control - Text : Unattended control - Text : Automatic control - Text : Local control ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.109(b) - Name : T1E10 Question : 'Which of the following is an example of remote control as defined in Part 97?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Repeater operation - Text : Operating the station over the Internet - Text : 'Controlling a model aircraft, boat or car by amateur radio' - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(39) - Name : T1E11 Question : 'Who does the FCC presume to be the control operator of an amateur station, unless documentation to the contrary is in the station records?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The station custodian - Text : The third party participant - Text : The person operating the station equipment - Text : The station licensee ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(a) - Name : T1E12 Question : 'When, under normal circumstances, may a Technician Class licensee be the control operator of a station operating in an exclusive Extra Class operator segment of the amateur bands?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : At no time - Text : When operating a special event station - Text : 'As part of a multi-operator contest team' - Text : When using a club station whose trustee is an Extra Class operator licensee ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(e) - Group : T1F gDescription : Station identification; repeaters; third party communications; club stations; FCC inspection Questions : - Name : T1F01 Question : 'What type of identification is being used when identifying a station on the air as Race Headquarters?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Tactical call sign - Text : An official call sign reserved for RACES drills - Text : SSID - Text : Broadcast station - Name : T1F02 Question : 'When using tactical identifiers such as "Race Headquarters" during a community service net operation, how often must your station transmit the station''s FCC-assigned call sign?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Never, the tactical call is sufficient' - Text : Once during every hour - Text : At the end of each communication and every ten minutes during a communication - Text : At the end of every transmission ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119 (a) - Name : T1F03 Question : 'When is an amateur station required to transmit its assigned call sign?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'At the beginning of each contact, and every 10 minutes thereafter' - Text : At least once during each transmission - Text : At least every 15 minutes during and at the end of a communication - Text : At least every 10 minutes during and at the end of a communication ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(a) - Name : T1F04 Question : 'Which of the following is an acceptable language to use for station identification when operating in a phone sub-band?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Any language recognized by the United Nations - Text : Any language recognized by the ITU - Text : The English language - Text : 'English, French, or Spanish' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(b)(2) - Name : T1F05 Question : 'What method of call sign identification is required for a station transmitting phone signals?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Send the call sign followed by the indicator RPT - Text : Send the call sign using CW or phone emission - Text : Send the call sign followed by the indicator R - Text : Send the call sign using only phone emission ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(b)(2) - Name : T1F06 Question : 'Which of the following formats of a self-assigned indicator is acceptable when identifying using a phone transmission?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : KL7CC stroke W3 - Text : KL7CC slant W3 - Text : KL7CC slash W3 - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(c) - Name : T1F07 Question : 'Which of the following restrictions apply when a non-licensed person is allowed to speak to a foreign station using a station under the control of a Technician Class control operator?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The person must be a U.S. citizen - Text : The foreign station must be one with which the U.S. has a third party agreement - Text : The licensed control operator must do the station identification - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.115(a)(2) - Name : T1F08 Question : 'Which indicator is required by the FCC to be transmitted after a station call sign?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : /M when operating mobile - Text : /R when operating a repeater - Text : / followed the FCC Region number when operating out of the region in which the license was issued - Text : '/KT, /AE or /AG when using new license privileges earned by CSCE while waiting for an upgrade to a previously issued license to appear in the FCC license database' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(f) - Name : T1F09 Question : 'What type of amateur station simultaneously retransmits the signal of another amateur station on a different channel or channels?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Beacon station - Text : Earth station - Text : Repeater station - Text : Message forwarding station ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.3(a)(40) - Name : T1F10 Question : 'Who is accountable should a repeater inadvertently retransmit communications that violate the FCC rules?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The control operator of the originating station - Text : The control operator of the repeater - Text : The owner of the repeater - Text : Both the originating station and the repeater owner ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.205(g) - Name : T1F11 Question : 'To which foreign stations do the FCC rules authorize the transmission of non-emergency third party communications?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Any station whose government permits such communications - Text : Those in ITU Region 2 only - Text : Those in ITU Regions 2 and 3 only - Text : Those in ITU Region 3 only ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.115(a) - Name : T1F12 Question : 'How many persons are required to be members of a club for a club station license to be issued by the FCC?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : At least 5 - Text : At least 4 - Text : A trustee and 2 officers - Text : At least 2 ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.5(b)(2) - Name : T1F13 Question : 'When must the station licensee make the station and its records available for FCC inspection?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : At any time ten days after notification by the FCC of such an inspection - Text : At any time upon request by an FCC representative - Text : Only after failing to comply with an FCC notice of violation - Text : Only when presented with a valid warrant by an FCC official or government agent ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(c) - Subelement : T2 sDescription : Operating Procedures nExpectedGroups : 3 nExpectedQuestions : 37 Groups : - Group : T2A gDescription : 'Station operation: choosing an operating frequency; calling another station; test transmissions; procedural signs; use of minimum power; choosing an operating frequency; band plans; calling frequencies; repeater offsets' Questions : - Name : T2A01 Question : 'What is the most common repeater frequency offset in the 2 meter band?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Plus 500 kHz - Text : Plus or minus 600 kHz - Text : Minus 500 kHz - Text : Only plus 600 kHz - Name : T2A02 Question : 'What is the national calling frequency for FM simplex operations in the 70 cm band?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 146.520 MHz - Text : 145.000 MHz - Text : 432.100 MHz - Text : 446.000 MHz - Name : T2A03 Question : 'What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70 cm band?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Plus or minus 5 MHz - Text : Plus or minus 600 kHz - Text : Minus 600 kHz - Text : Plus 600 kHz - Name : T2A04 Question : 'What is an appropriate way to call another station on a repeater if you know the other station''s call sign?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Say break, break then say the station''s call sign' - Text : "Say the station's call sign then identify with your call sign" - Text : "Say CQ three times then the other station's call sign" - Text : Wait for the station to call CQ then answer it - Name : T2A05 Question : 'How should you respond to a station calling CQ?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : "Transmit CQ followed by the other station's call sign" - Text : "Transmit your call sign followed by the other station's call sign" - Text : "Transmit the other station's call sign followed by your call sign" - Text : Transmit a signal report followed by your call sign - Name : T2A06 Question : 'What must an amateur operator do when making on-air transmissions to test equipment or antennas?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Properly identify the transmitting station - Text : 'Make test transmissions only after 10:00 p.m. local time' - Text : Notify the FCC of the test transmission - Text : State the purpose of the test during the test procedure - Name : T2A07 Question : 'Which of the following is true when making a test transmission?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Station identification is not required if the transmission is less than 15 seconds - Text : Station identification is not required if the transmission is less than 1 watt - Text : Station identification is only required once an hour when the transmissions are for test purposes only - Text : Station identification is required at least every ten minutes during the test and at the end of the test - Name : T2A08 Question : 'What is the meaning of the procedural signal "CQ"?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Call on the quarter hour - Text : A new antenna is being tested (no station should answer) - Text : Only the called station should transmit - Text : Calling any station - Name : T2A09 Question : 'What brief statement is often transmitted in place of "CQ" to indicate that you are listening on a repeater?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'The words "Hello test" followed by your call sign' - Text : Your call sign - Text : The repeater call sign followed by your call sign - Text : 'The letters "QSY" followed by your call sign' - Name : T2A10 Question : 'What is a band plan, beyond the privileges established by the FCC?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A voluntary guideline for using different modes or activities within an amateur band - Text : A mandated list of operating schedules - Text : A list of scheduled net frequencies - Text : A plan devised by a club to indicate frequency band usage - Name : T2A11 Question : 'Which of the following is an FCC rule regarding power levels used in the amateur bands, under normal, non-distress circumstances?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : There is no limit to power as long as there is no interference with other services - Text : No more than 200 watts PEP may be used - Text : Up to 1500 watts PEP may be used on any amateur frequency without restriction - Text : 'While not exceeding the maximum power permitted on a given band, use the minimum power necessary to carry out the desired communication' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.313(a) - Name : T2A12 Question : 'Which of the following is a guideline to use when choosing an operating frequency for calling CQ?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Listen first to be sure that no one else is using the frequency - Text : Ask if the frequency is in use - Text : Make sure you are in your assigned band - Text : All of these choices are correct - Group : T2B gDescription : 'VHF/UHF operating practices: SSB phone; FM repeater; simplex; splits and shifts; CTCSS; DTMF; tone squelch; carrier squelch; phonetics; operational problem resolution; Q signals' Questions : - Name : T2B01 Question : 'What is the term used to describe an amateur station that is transmitting and receiving on the same frequency?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Full duplex communication - Text : Diplex communication - Text : Simplex communication - Text : Multiplex communication - Name : T2B02 Question : 'What is the term used to describe the use of a sub-audible tone transmitted with normal voice audio to open the squelch of a receiver?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Carrier squelch - Text : Tone burst - Text : DTMF - Text : CTCSS - Name : T2B03 Question : 'Which of the following describes the muting of receiver audio controlled solely by the presence or absence of an RF signal?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Tone squelch - Text : Carrier squelch - Text : CTCSS - Text : Modulated carrier - Name : T2B04 Question : 'Which of the following common problems might cause you to be able to hear but not access a repeater even when transmitting with the proper offset?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The repeater receiver may require an audio tone burst for access - Text : The repeater receiver may require a CTCSS tone for access - Text : The repeater receiver may require a DCS tone sequence for access - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T2B05 Question : 'What determines the amount of deviation of an FM (as opposed to PM) signal?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Both the frequency and amplitude of the modulating signal - Text : The frequency of the modulating signal - Text : The amplitude of the modulating signal - Text : The relative phase of the modulating signal and the carrier - Name : T2B06 Question : 'What happens when the deviation of an FM transmitter is increased?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Its signal occupies more bandwidth - Text : Its output power increases - Text : Its output power and bandwidth increases - Text : Asymmetric modulation occurs - Name : T2B07 Question : 'What could cause your FM signal to interfere with stations on nearby frequencies?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'Microphone gain too high, causing over-deviation' - Text : SWR too high - Text : Incorrect CTCSS Tone - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T2B08 Question : 'Which of the following applies when two stations transmitting on the same frequency interfere with each other?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'Common courtesy should prevail, but no one has absolute right to an amateur frequency' - Text : Whoever has the strongest signal has priority on the frequency - Text : Whoever has been on the frequency the longest has priority on the frequency - Text : The station which has the weakest signal has priority on the frequency - Name : T2B09 Question : 'Which of the following methods is encouraged by the FCC when identifying your station when using phone?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Use of a phonetic alphabet - Text : Send your call sign in CW as well as voice - Text : Repeat your call sign three times - Text : Increase your signal to full power when identifying ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.119(b)(2) - Name : T2B10 Question : 'Which Q signal indicates that you are receiving interference from other stations?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : QRM - Text : QRN - Text : QTH - Text : QSB - Name : T2B11 Question : 'Which Q signal indicates that you are changing frequency?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : QRU - Text : QSY - Text : QSL - Text : QRZ - Name : T2B12 Question : 'Under what circumstances should you consider communicating via simplex rather than a repeater?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : When the stations can communicate directly without using a repeater - Text : Only when you have an endorsement for simplex operation on your license - Text : Only when third party traffic is not being passed - Text : Only if you have simplex modulation capability - Name : T2B13 Question : 'Which of the following is true of the use of SSB phone in amateur bands above 50 MHz?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : It is permitted only by holders of a General Class or higher license - Text : It is permitted only on repeaters - Text : It is permitted in at least some portion of all the amateur bands above 50 MHz - Text : It is permitted only on when power is limited to no more than 100 watts - Group : T2C gDescription : 'Public service: emergency and non-emergency operations; applicability of FCC rules; RACES and ARES; net and traffic procedures; emergency restrictions' Questions : - Name : T2C01 Question : 'When do the FCC rules NOT apply to the operation of an amateur station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : When operating a RACES station - Text : When operating under special FEMA rules - Text : When operating under special ARES rules - Text : 'Never, FCC rules always apply' ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.103(a) - Name : T2C02 Question : 'What is one way to recharge a 12-volt lead-acid station battery if the commercial power is out?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Cool the battery in ice for several hours - Text : Add acid to the battery - Text : "Connect the battery in parallel with a vehicle's battery and run the engine" - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T2C03 Question : 'What should be done to insure that voice message traffic containing proper names and unusual words are copied correctly by the receiving station?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The entire message should be repeated at least four times - Text : Such messages must be limited to no more than 10 words - Text : Such words and terms should be spelled out using a standard phonetic alphabet - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T2C04 Question : 'What do RACES and ARES have in common?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : They represent the two largest ham clubs in the United States - Text : Both organizations broadcast road and weather information - Text : Neither may handle emergency traffic supporting public service agencies - Text : Both organizations may provide communications during emergencies - Name : T2C05 Question : 'Which of the following describes the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : A radio service using amateur frequencies for emergency management or civil defense communications - Text : A radio service using amateur stations for emergency management or civil defense communications - Text : An emergency service using amateur operators certified by a civil defense organization as being enrolled in that organization - Text : All of these choices are correct ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.3(a)(38), 97.407' - Name : T2C06 Question : 'Which of the following is an accepted practice to get the immediate attention of a net control station when reporting an emergency?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Repeat the words SOS three times followed by the call sign of the reporting station - Text : 'Press the push-to-talk button three times' - Text : 'Begin your transmission by saying "Priority" or "Emergency" followed by your call sign' - Text : 'Play a pre-recorded emergency alert tone followed by your call sign' - Name : T2C07 Question : 'Which of the following is an accepted practice for an amateur operator who has checked into an emergency traffic net?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Provided that the frequency is quiet, announce the station call sign and location every 5 minutes' - Text : "Move 5 kHz away from the net's frequency and use high power to ask other hams to keep clear of the net frequency" - Text : Remain on frequency without transmitting until asked to do so by the net control station - Text : All of the choices are correct - Name : T2C08 Question : 'Which of the following is a characteristic of good emergency traffic handling?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Passing messages exactly as received - Text : Making decisions as to whether or not messages should be relayed or delivered - Text : Communicating messages to the news media for broadcast outside the disaster area - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T2C09 Question : 'Are amateur station control operators ever permitted to operate outside the frequency privileges of their license class?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : No - Text : 'Yes, but only when part of a FEMA emergency plan' - Text : 'Yes, but only when part of a RACES emergency plan' - Text : 'Yes, but only if necessary in situations involving the immediate safety of human life or protection of property' - Name : T2C10 Question : 'What is the preamble in a formal traffic message?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The first paragraph of the message text - Text : The message number - Text : The priority handling indicator for the message - Text : The information needed to track the message as it passes through the amateur radio traffic handling system - Name : T2C11 Question : 'What is meant by the term "check" in reference to a formal traffic message?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The check is a count of the number of words or word equivalents in the text portion of the message - Text : The check is the value of a money order attached to the message - Text : The check is a list of stations that have relayed the message - Text : The check is a box on the message form that tells you the message was received - Name : T2C12 Question : 'What is the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Licensed amateurs who have voluntarily registered their qualifications and equipment for communications duty in the public service - Text : Licensed amateurs who are members of the military and who voluntarily agreed to provide message handling services in the case of an emergency - Text : A training program that provides licensing courses for those interested in obtaining an amateur license to use during emergencies - Text : A training program that certifies amateur operators for membership in the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service - Subelement : T3 sDescription : 'Radio Wave Characteristics: Properties of Radio Waves; Propagation Modes' nExpectedGroups : 3 nExpectedQuestions : 34 Groups : - Group : T3A gDescription : 'Radio wave characteristics: how a radio signal travels; fading; multipath; wavelength vs. penetration; antenna orientation' Questions : - Name : T3A01 Question : 'What should you do if another operator reports that your station''s 2 meter signals were strong just a moment ago, but now they are weak or distorted?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Change the batteries in your radio to a different type - Text : Turn on the CTCSS tone - Text : Ask the other operator to adjust his squelch control - Text : 'Try moving a few feet or changing the direction of your antenna if possible, as reflections may be causing multi-path distortion' - Name : T3A02 Question : 'Why are UHF signals often more effective from inside buildings than VHF signals?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : VHF signals lose power faster over distance - Text : The shorter wavelength allows them to more easily penetrate the structure of buildings - Text : This is incorrect; VHF works better than UHF inside buildings - Text : UHF antennas are more efficient than VHF antennas - Name : T3A03 Question : 'What antenna polarization is normally used for long-distance weak-signal CW and SSB contacts using the VHF and UHF bands?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Right-hand circular' - Text : 'Left-hand circular' - Text : Horizontal - Text : Vertical - Name : T3A04 Question : 'What can happen if the antennas at opposite ends of a VHF or UHF line of sight radio link are not using the same polarization?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The modulation sidebands might become inverted - Text : Signals could be significantly weaker - Text : Signals have an echo effect on voices - Text : Nothing significant will happen - Name : T3A05 Question : 'When using a directional antenna, how might your station be able to access a distant repeater if buildings or obstructions are blocking the direct line of sight path?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Change from vertical to horizontal polarization - Text : Try to find a path that reflects signals to the repeater - Text : Try the long path - Text : Increase the antenna SWR - Name : T3A06 Question : 'What term is commonly used to describe the rapid fluttering sound sometimes heard from mobile stations that are moving while transmitting?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Flip-flopping' - Text : Picket fencing - Text : Frequency shifting - Text : Pulsing - Name : T3A07 Question : 'What type of wave carries radio signals between transmitting and receiving stations?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Electromagnetic - Text : Electrostatic - Text : Surface acoustic - Text : Magnetostrictive - Name : T3A08 Question : 'Which of the following is a likely cause of irregular fading of signals received by ionospheric reflection?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Frequency shift due to Faraday rotation - Text : Interference from thunderstorms - Text : Random combining of signals arriving via different paths - Text : Intermodulation distortion - Name : T3A09 Question : 'Which of the following results from the fact that skip signals refracted from the ionosphere are elliptically polarized?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Digital modes are unusable - Text : Either vertically or horizontally polarized antennas may be used for transmission or reception - Text : FM voice is unusable - Text : Both the transmitting and receiving antennas must be of the same polarization - Name : T3A10 Question : 'What may occur if data signals propagate over multiple paths?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Transmission rates can be increased by a factor equal to the number of separate paths observed - Text : Transmission rates must be decreased by a factor equal to the number of separate paths observed - Text : No significant changes will occur if the signals are transmitting using FM - Text : Error rates are likely to increase - Name : T3A11 Question : 'Which part of the atmosphere enables the propagation of radio signals around the world?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The stratosphere - Text : The troposphere - Text : The ionosphere - Text : The magnetosphere - Group : T3B gDescription : 'Radio and electromagnetic wave properties: the electromagnetic spectrum; wavelength vs. frequency; velocity of electromagnetic waves; calculating wavelength' Questions : - Name : T3B01 Question : 'What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one complete cycle?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Wave speed - Text : Waveform - Text : Wavelength - Text : Wave spread - Name : T3B02 Question : 'What property of a radio wave is used to describe its polarization?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The orientation of the electric field - Text : The orientation of the magnetic field - Text : The ratio of the energy in the magnetic field to the energy in the electric field - Text : The ratio of the velocity to the wavelength - Name : T3B03 Question : 'What are the two components of a radio wave?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : AC and DC - Text : Voltage and current - Text : Electric and magnetic fields - Text : 'Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation' - Name : T3B04 Question : 'How fast does a radio wave travel through free space?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : At the speed of light - Text : At the speed of sound - Text : Its speed is inversely proportional to its wavelength - Text : Its speed increases as the frequency increases - Name : T3B05 Question : 'How does the wavelength of a radio wave relate to its frequency?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The wavelength gets longer as the frequency increases - Text : The wavelength gets shorter as the frequency increases - Text : There is no relationship between wavelength and frequency - Text : The wavelength depends on the bandwidth of the signal - Name : T3B06 Question : 'What is the formula for converting frequency to approximate wavelength in meters?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Wavelength in meters equals frequency in hertz multiplied by 300 - Text : Wavelength in meters equals frequency in hertz divided by 300 - Text : Wavelength in meters equals frequency in megahertz divided by 300 - Text : Wavelength in meters equals 300 divided by frequency in megahertz - Name : T3B07 Question : 'What property of radio waves is often used to identify the different frequency bands?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The approximate wavelength - Text : The magnetic intensity of waves - Text : The time it takes for waves to travel one mile - Text : The voltage standing wave ratio of waves - Name : T3B08 Question : 'What are the frequency limits of the VHF spectrum?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 30 to 300 kHz - Text : 30 to 300 MHz - Text : 300 to 3000 kHz - Text : 300 to 3000 MHz - Name : T3B09 Question : 'What are the frequency limits of the UHF spectrum?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 30 to 300 kHz - Text : 30 to 300 MHz - Text : 300 to 3000 kHz - Text : 300 to 3000 MHz - Name : T3B10 Question : 'What frequency range is referred to as HF?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 300 to 3000 MHz - Text : 30 to 300 MHz - Text : 3 to 30 MHz - Text : 300 to 3000 kHz - Name : T3B11 Question : 'What is the approximate velocity of a radio wave as it travels through free space?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 3000 kilometers per second - Text : '300,000,000 meters per second' - Text : '300,000 miles per hour' - Text : '186,000 miles per hour' - Group : T3C gDescription : 'Propagation modes: line of sight; sporadic E; meteor and auroral scatter and reflections; tropospheric ducting; F layer skip; radio horizon' Questions : - Name : T3C01 Question : 'Why are direct (not via a repeater) UHF signals rarely heard from stations outside your local coverage area?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : They are too weak to go very far - Text : FCC regulations prohibit them from going more than 50 miles - Text : UHF signals are usually not reflected by the ionosphere - Text : They collide with trees and shrubbery and fade out - Name : T3C02 Question : 'Which of the following might be happening when VHF signals are being received from long distances?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Signals are being reflected from outer space - Text : 'Signals are arriving by sub-surface ducting' - Text : Signals are being reflected by lightning storms in your area - Text : Signals are being refracted from a sporadic E layer - Name : T3C03 Question : 'What is a characteristic of VHF signals received via auroral reflection?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Signals from distances of 10,000 or more miles are common' - Text : The signals exhibit rapid fluctuations of strength and often sound distorted - Text : These types of signals occur only during winter nighttime hours - Text : These types of signals are generally strongest when your antenna is aimed west - Name : T3C04 Question : 'Which of the following propagation types is most commonly associated with occasional strong over-the-horizon signals on the 10, 6, and 2 meter bands?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Backscatter - Text : Sporadic E - Text : D layer absorption - Text : 'Gray-line propagation' - Name : T3C05 Question : 'Which of the following effects might cause radio signals to be heard despite obstructions between the transmitting and receiving stations?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'Knife-edge diffraction' - Text : Faraday rotation - Text : Quantum tunneling - Text : Doppler shift - Name : T3C06 Question : 'What mode is responsible for allowing over-the-horizon VHF and UHF communications to ranges of approximately 300 miles on a regular basis?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Tropospheric scatter - Text : D layer refraction - Text : F2 layer refraction - Text : Faraday rotation - Name : T3C07 Question : 'What band is best suited for communicating via meteor scatter?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 10 meters - Text : 6 meters - Text : 2 meters - Text : 70 cm - Name : T3C08 Question : 'What causes tropospheric ducting?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Discharges of lightning during electrical storms - Text : Sunspots and solar flares - Text : Updrafts from hurricanes and tornadoes - Text : Temperature inversions in the atmosphere - Name : T3C09 Question : 'What is generally the best time for long-distance 10 meter band propagation via the F layer?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : From dawn to shortly after sunset during periods of high sunspot activity - Text : From shortly after sunset to dawn during periods of high sunspot activity - Text : From dawn to shortly after sunset during periods of low sunspot activity - Text : From shortly after sunset to dawn during periods of low sunspot activity - Name : T3C10 Question : 'What is the radio horizon?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The distance over which two stations can communicate by direct path - Text : The distance from the ground to a horizontally mounted antenna - Text : The farthest point you can see when standing at the base of your antenna tower - Text : "The shortest distance between two points on the Earth's surface" - Name : T3C11 Question : 'Why do VHF and UHF radio signals usually travel somewhat farther than the visual line of sight distance between two stations?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Radio signals move somewhat faster than the speed of light - Text : Radio waves are not blocked by dust particles - Text : The Earth seems less curved to radio waves than to light - Text : Radio waves are blocked by dust particles - Name : T3C12 Question : 'Which of the following bands may provide long distance communications during the peak of the sunspot cycle?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Six or ten meters - Text : 23 centimeters - Text : 70 centimeters or 1.25 meters - Text : All of these choices are correct - Subelement : T4 sDescription : Amateur Radio Practices and Station Set Up nExpectedGroups : 2 nExpectedQuestions : 24 Groups : - Group : T4A gDescription : 'Station setup: connecting microphones; reducing unwanted emissions; power source; connecting a computer; RF grounding; connecting digital equipment; connecting an SWR meter' Questions : - Name : T4A01 Question : 'Which of the following is true concerning the microphone connectors on amateur transceivers?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : All transceivers use the same microphone connector type - Text : 'Some connectors include push-to-talk and voltages for powering the microphone' - Text : All transceivers using the same connector type are wired identically - Text : 'Un-keyed connectors allow any microphone to be connected' - Name : T4A02 Question : 'How might a computer be used as part of an amateur radio station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : For logging contacts and contact information - Text : For sending and/or receiving CW - Text : For generating and decoding digital signals - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T4A03 Question : 'Which is a good reason to use a regulated power supply for communications equipment?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : It prevents voltage fluctuations from reaching sensitive circuits - Text : A regulated power supply has FCC approval - Text : A fuse or circuit breaker regulates the power - Text : Power consumption is independent of load - Name : T4A04 Question : 'Where must a filter be installed to reduce harmonic emissions from your station?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Between the transmitter and the antenna - Text : Between the receiver and the transmitter - Text : At the station power supply - Text : At the microphone - Name : T4A05 Question : 'Where should an in-line SWR meter be connected to monitor the standing wave ratio of the station antenna system?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'In series with the feed line, between the transmitter and antenna' - Text : "In series with the station's ground" - Text : 'In parallel with the push-to-talk line and the antenna' - Text : 'In series with the power supply cable, as close as possible to the radio' - Name : T4A06 Question : 'Which of the following would be connected between a transceiver and computer in a packet radio station?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Transmatch - Text : Mixer - Text : Terminal node controller - Text : Antenna - Name : T4A07 Question : 'How is a computer''s sound card used when conducting digital communications using a computer?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The sound card communicates between the computer CPU and the video display - Text : The sound card records the audio frequency for video display - Text : The sound card provides audio to the microphone input and converts received audio to digital form - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T4A08 Question : 'Which type of conductor is best to use for RF grounding?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Round stranded wire - Text : 'Round copper-clad steel wire' - Text : 'Twisted-pair cable' - Text : Flat strap - Name : T4A09 Question : 'Which of the following could you use to cure distorted audio caused by RF current flowing on the shield of a microphone cable?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Band-pass filter' - Text : 'Low-pass filter' - Text : Preamplifier - Text : Ferrite choke - Name : T4A10 Question : 'What is the source of a high-pitched whine that varies with engine speed in a mobile transceiver''s receive audio?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The ignition system - Text : The alternator - Text : The electric fuel pump - Text : 'Anti-lock braking system controllers' - Name : T4A11 Question : 'Where should the negative return connection of a mobile transceiver''s power cable be connected?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : At the battery or engine block ground strap - Text : At the antenna mount - Text : To any metal part of the vehicle - Text : "Through the transceiver's mounting bracket" - Name : T4A12 Question : 'What could be happening if another operator reports a variable high-pitched whine on the audio from your mobile transmitter?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Your microphone is picking up noise from an open window - Text : You have the volume on your receiver set too high - Text : You need to adjust your squelch control - Text : "Noise on the vehicle's electrical system is being transmitted along with your speech audio" - Group : T4B gDescription : 'Operating controls: tuning; use of filters; squelch function; AGC; repeater offset; memory channels' Questions : - Name : T4B01 Question : 'What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The output power might be too high - Text : The output signal might become distorted - Text : The frequency might vary - Text : The SWR might increase - Name : T4B02 Question : 'Which of the following can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The keypad or VFO knob - Text : The CTCSS or DTMF encoder - Text : The Automatic Frequency Control - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T4B03 Question : 'What is the purpose of the squelch control on a transceiver?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : To set the highest level of volume desired - Text : To set the transmitter power level - Text : To adjust the automatic gain control - Text : To mute receiver output noise when no signal is being received - Name : T4B04 Question : 'What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Enable the CTCSS tones - Text : Store the frequency in a memory channel - Text : Disable the CTCSS tones - Text : Use the scan mode to select the desired frequency - Name : T4B05 Question : 'Which of the following would reduce ignition interference to a receiver?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Change frequency slightly - Text : Decrease the squelch setting - Text : Turn on the noise blanker - Text : Use the RIT control - Name : T4B06 Question : 'Which of the following controls could be used if the voice pitch of a single-sideband signal seems too high or low?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The AGC or limiter - Text : The bandwidth selection - Text : The tone squelch - Text : The receiver RIT or clarifier - Name : T4B07 Question : 'What does the term "RIT" mean?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Receiver Input Tone - Text : Receiver Incremental Tuning - Text : Rectifier Inverter Test - Text : Remote Input Transmitter - Name : T4B08 Question : 'What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Permits monitoring several modes at once - Text : Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode - Text : Increases the number of frequencies that can be stored in memory - Text : Increases the amount of offset between receive and transmit frequencies - Name : T4B09 Question : 'Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for SSB reception?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 500 Hz - Text : 1000 Hz - Text : 2400 Hz - Text : 5000 Hz - Name : T4B10 Question : 'Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for CW reception?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 500 Hz - Text : 1000 Hz - Text : 2400 Hz - Text : 5000 Hz - Name : T4B11 Question : 'Which of the following describes the common meaning of the term "repeater offset"?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : "The distance between the repeater's transmit and receive antennas" - Text : The time delay before the repeater timer resets - Text : "The difference between the repeater's transmit and receive frequencies" - Text : Matching the antenna impedance to the feed line impedance - Name : T4B12 Question : 'What is the function of automatic gain control or AGC?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : To keep received audio relatively constant - Text : To protect an antenna from lightning - Text : To eliminate RF on the station cabling - Text : An asymmetric goniometer control used for antenna matching - Subelement : T5 sDescription : 'Electrical Principles: Math For Electronics; Electronic Principles; Ohm''s Law' nExpectedGroups : 4 nExpectedQuestions : 50 Groups : - Group : T5A gDescription : 'Electrical principles, units, and terms: current and voltage; conductors and insulators; alternating and direct current' Questions : - Name : T5A01 Question : 'Electrical current is measured in which of the following units?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Volts - Text : Watts - Text : Ohms - Text : Amperes - Name : T5A02 Question : 'Electrical power is measured in which of the following units?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Volts - Text : Watts - Text : Ohms - Text : Amperes - Name : T5A03 Question : 'What is the name for the flow of electrons in an electric circuit?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Voltage - Text : Resistance - Text : Capacitance - Text : Current - Name : T5A04 Question : 'What is the name for a current that flows only in one direction?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Alternating current - Text : Direct current - Text : Normal current - Text : Smooth current - Name : T5A05 Question : 'What is the electrical term for the electromotive force (EMF) that causes electron flow?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Voltage - Text : 'Ampere-hours' - Text : Capacitance - Text : Inductance - Name : T5A06 Question : 'How much voltage does a mobile transceiver usually require?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : About 12 volts - Text : About 30 volts - Text : About 120 volts - Text : About 240 volts - Name : T5A07 Question : 'Which of the following is a good electrical conductor?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Glass - Text : Wood - Text : Copper - Text : Rubber - Name : T5A08 Question : 'Which of the following is a good electrical insulator?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Copper - Text : Glass - Text : Aluminum - Text : Mercury - Name : T5A09 Question : 'What is the name for a current that reverses direction on a regular basis?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Alternating current - Text : Direct current - Text : Circular current - Text : Vertical current - Name : T5A10 Question : 'Which term describes the rate at which electrical energy is used?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Resistance - Text : Current - Text : Power - Text : Voltage - Name : T5A11 Question : 'What is the basic unit of electromotive force?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The volt - Text : The watt - Text : The ampere - Text : The ohm - Name : T5A12 Question : 'What term describes the number of times per second that an alternating current reverses direction?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Pulse rate - Text : Speed - Text : Wavelength - Text : Frequency - Group : T5B gDescription : 'Math for electronics: conversion of electrical units; decibels; the metric system' Questions : - Name : T5B01 Question : 'How many milliamperes is 1.5 amperes?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 15 milliamperes - Text : 150 milliamperes - Text : '1,500 milliamperes' - Text : '15,000 milliamperes' - Name : T5B02 Question : 'What is another way to specify a radio signal frequency of 1,500,000 hertz?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 1500 kHz - Text : 1500 MHz - Text : 15 GHz - Text : 150 kHz - Name : T5B03 Question : 'How many volts are equal to one kilovolt?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'One one-thousandth of a volt' - Text : One hundred volts - Text : One thousand volts - Text : One million volts - Name : T5B04 Question : 'How many volts are equal to one microvolt?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'One one-millionth of a volt' - Text : One million volts - Text : One thousand kilovolts - Text : 'One one-thousandth of a volt' - Name : T5B05 Question : 'Which of the following is equivalent to 500 milliwatts?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 0.02 watts - Text : 0.5 watts - Text : 5 watts - Text : 50 watts - Name : T5B06 Question : 'If an ammeter calibrated in amperes is used to measure a 3000-milliampere current, what reading would it show?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 0.003 amperes - Text : 0.3 amperes - Text : 3 amperes - Text : '3,000,000 amperes' - Name : T5B07 Question : 'If a frequency readout calibrated in megahertz shows a reading of 3.525 MHz, what would it show if it were calibrated in kilohertz?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 0.003525 kHz - Text : 35.25 kHz - Text : 3525 kHz - Text : '3,525,000 kHz' - Name : T5B08 Question : 'How many microfarads are 1,000,000 picofarads?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 0.001 microfarads - Text : 1 microfarad - Text : 1000 microfarads - Text : '1,000,000,000 microfarads' - Name : T5B09 Question : 'What is the approximate amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power increase from 5 watts to 10 watts?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 2 dB - Text : 3 dB - Text : 5 dB - Text : 10 dB - Name : T5B10 Question : 'What is the approximate amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power decrease from 12 watts to 3 watts?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : '-1 dB' - Text : '-3 dB' - Text : '-6 dB' - Text : '-9 dB' - Name : T5B11 Question : 'What is the approximate amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power increase from 20 watts to 200 watts?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 10 dB - Text : 12 dB - Text : 18 dB - Text : 28 dB - Name : T5B12 Question : 'Which of the following frequencies is equal to 28,400 kHz?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 28.400 MHz - Text : 2.800 MHz - Text : 284.00 MHz - Text : 28.400 kHz - Name : T5B13 Question : 'If a frequency readout shows a reading of 2425 MHz, what frequency is that in GHz?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 0.002425 GHZ - Text : 24.25 GHz - Text : 2.425 GHz - Text : 2425 GHz - Group : T5C gDescription : 'Electronic principles: capacitance; inductance; current flow in circuits; alternating current; definition of RF; DC power calculations; impedance' Questions : - Name : T5C01 Question : 'What is the ability to store energy in an electric field called?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Inductance - Text : Resistance - Text : Tolerance - Text : Capacitance - Name : T5C02 Question : 'What is the basic unit of capacitance?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The farad - Text : The ohm - Text : The volt - Text : The henry - Name : T5C03 Question : 'What is the ability to store energy in a magnetic field called?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Admittance - Text : Capacitance - Text : Resistance - Text : Inductance - Name : T5C04 Question : 'What is the basic unit of inductance?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The coulomb - Text : The farad - Text : The henry - Text : The ohm - Name : T5C05 Question : 'What is the unit of frequency?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Hertz - Text : Henry - Text : Farad - Text : Tesla - Name : T5C06 Question : 'What does the abbreviation "RF" refer to?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Radio frequency signals of all types - Text : The resonant frequency of a tuned circuit - Text : The real frequency transmitted as opposed to the apparent frequency - Text : Reflective force in antenna transmission lines - Name : T5C07 Question : 'What is a usual name for electromagnetic waves that travel through space?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Gravity waves - Text : Sound waves - Text : Radio waves - Text : Pressure waves - Name : T5C08 Question : 'What is the formula used to calculate electrical power in a DC circuit?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Power (P) equals voltage (E) multiplied by current (I) - Text : Power (P) equals voltage (E) divided by current (I) - Text : Power (P) equals voltage (E) minus current (I) - Text : Power (P) equals voltage (E) plus current (I) - Name : T5C09 Question : 'How much power is being used in a circuit when the applied voltage is 13.8 volts DC and the current is 10 amperes?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 138 watts - Text : 0.7 watts - Text : 23.8 watts - Text : 3.8 watts - Name : T5C10 Question : 'How much power is being used in a circuit when the applied voltage is 12 volts DC and the current is 2.5 amperes?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 4.8 watts - Text : 30 watts - Text : 14.5 watts - Text : 0.208 watts - Name : T5C11 Question : 'How many amperes are flowing in a circuit when the applied voltage is 12 volts DC and the load is 120 watts?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 0.1 amperes - Text : 10 amperes - Text : 12 amperes - Text : 132 amperes - Name : T5C12 Question : 'What is meant by the term impedance?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : It is a measure of the opposition to AC current flow in a circuit - Text : It is the inverse of resistance - Text : It is a measure of the Q or Quality Factor of a component - Text : It is a measure of the power handling capability of a component - Name : T5C13 Question : 'What are the units of impedance?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Volts - Text : Amperes - Text : Coulombs - Text : Ohms - Group : T5D gDescription : 'Ohm''s Law: formulas and usage' Questions : - Name : T5D01 Question : 'What formula is used to calculate current in a circuit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Current (I) equals voltage (E) multiplied by resistance (R) - Text : Current (I) equals voltage (E) divided by resistance (R) - Text : Current (I) equals voltage (E) added to resistance (R) - Text : Current (I) equals voltage (E) minus resistance (R) - Name : T5D02 Question : 'What formula is used to calculate voltage in a circuit?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Voltage (E) equals current (I) multiplied by resistance (R) - Text : Voltage (E) equals current (I) divided by resistance (R) - Text : Voltage (E) equals current (I) added to resistance (R) - Text : Voltage (E) equals current (I) minus resistance (R) - Name : T5D03 Question : 'What formula is used to calculate resistance in a circuit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Resistance (R) equals voltage (E) multiplied by current (I) - Text : Resistance (R) equals voltage (E) divided by current (I) - Text : Resistance (R) equals voltage (E) added to current (I) - Text : Resistance (R) equals voltage (E) minus current (I) - Name : T5D04 Question : 'What is the resistance of a circuit in which a current of 3 amperes flows through a resistor connected to 90 volts?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 3 ohms - Text : 30 ohms - Text : 93 ohms - Text : 270 ohms - Name : T5D05 Question : 'What is the resistance in a circuit for which the applied voltage is 12 volts and the current flow is 1.5 amperes?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 18 ohms - Text : 0.125 ohms - Text : 8 ohms - Text : 13.5 ohms - Name : T5D06 Question : 'What is the resistance of a circuit that draws 4 amperes from a 12-volt source?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 3 ohms - Text : 16 ohms - Text : 48 ohms - Text : 8 Ohms - Name : T5D07 Question : 'What is the current flow in a circuit with an applied voltage of 120 volts and a resistance of 80 ohms?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 9600 amperes - Text : 200 amperes - Text : 0.667 amperes - Text : 1.5 amperes - Name : T5D08 Question : 'What is the current flowing through a 100-ohm resistor connected across 200 volts?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : '20,000 amperes' - Text : 0.5 amperes - Text : 2 amperes - Text : 100 amperes - Name : T5D09 Question : 'What is the current flowing through a 24-ohm resistor connected across 240 volts?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : '24,000 amperes' - Text : 0.1 amperes - Text : 10 amperes - Text : 216 amperes - Name : T5D10 Question : 'What is the voltage across a 2-ohm resistor if a current of 0.5 amperes flows through it?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 1 volt - Text : 0.25 volts - Text : 2.5 volts - Text : 1.5 volts - Name : T5D11 Question : 'What is the voltage across a 10-ohm resistor if a current of 1 ampere flows through it?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 1 volt - Text : 10 volts - Text : 11 volts - Text : 9 volts - Name : T5D12 Question : 'What is the voltage across a 10-ohm resistor if a current of 2 amperes flows through it?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 8 volts - Text : 0.2 volts - Text : 12 volts - Text : 20 volts - Subelement : T6 sDescription : 'Electrical Components: Semiconductors; Circuit Diagrams; Component Functions' nExpectedGroups : 4 nExpectedQuestions : 48 Groups : - Group : T6A gDescription : 'Electrical components: fixed and variable resistors; capacitors and inductors; fuses; switches; batteries' Questions : - Name : T6A01 Question : 'What electrical component is used to oppose the flow of current in a DC circuit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Inductor - Text : Resistor - Text : Voltmeter - Text : Transformer - Name : T6A02 Question : 'What type of component is often used as an adjustable volume control?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Fixed resistor - Text : Power resistor - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Transformer - Name : T6A03 Question : 'What electrical parameter is controlled by a potentiometer?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Inductance - Text : Resistance - Text : Capacitance - Text : Field strength - Name : T6A04 Question : 'What electrical component stores energy in an electric field?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Capacitor - Text : Inductor - Text : Diode - Name : T6A05 Question : 'What type of electrical component consists of two or more conductive surfaces separated by an insulator?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Oscillator - Text : Capacitor - Name : T6A06 Question : 'What type of electrical component stores energy in a magnetic field?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Capacitor - Text : Inductor - Text : Diode - Name : T6A07 Question : 'What electrical component is usually composed of a coil of wire?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Switch - Text : Capacitor - Text : Diode - Text : Inductor - Name : T6A08 Question : 'What electrical component is used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Magnetron - Text : Switch - Text : Thermistor - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T6A09 Question : 'What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Fuse - Text : Capacitor - Text : Inductor - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T6A10 Question : 'Which of the following battery types is rechargeable?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Nickel-metal hydride' - Text : 'Lithium-ion' - Text : 'Lead-acid gel-cell' - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T6A11 Question : 'Which of the following battery types is not rechargeable?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Nickel-cadmium' - Text : 'Carbon-zinc' - Text : 'Lead-acid' - Text : 'Lithium-ion' - Group : T6B gDescription : 'Semiconductors: basic principles and applications of solid state devices; diodes and transistors' Questions : - Name : T6B01 Question : 'What class of electronic components is capable of using a voltage or current signal to control current flow?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Capacitors - Text : Inductors - Text : Resistors - Text : Transistors - Name : T6B02 Question : 'What electronic component allows current to flow in only one direction?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Fuse - Text : Diode - Text : Driven Element - Name : T6B03 Question : 'Which of these components can be used as an electronic switch or amplifier?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Oscillator - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Transistor - Text : Voltmeter - Name : T6B04 Question : 'Which of the following components can be made of three layers of semiconductor material?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Alternator - Text : Transistor - Text : Triode - Text : Pentagrid converter - Name : T6B05 Question : 'Which of the following electronic components can amplify signals?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Transistor - Text : Variable resistor - Text : Electrolytic capacitor - Text : 'Multi-cell battery' - Name : T6B06 Question : 'How is the cathode lead of a semiconductor diode usually identified?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : With the word cathode - Text : With a stripe - Text : With the letter C - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T6B07 Question : 'What does the abbreviation LED stand for?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Low Emission Diode - Text : Light Emitting Diode - Text : Liquid Emission Detector - Text : Long Echo Delay - Name : T6B08 Question : 'What does the abbreviation FET stand for?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Field Effect Transistor - Text : Fast Electron Transistor - Text : Free Electron Transition - Text : Field Emission Thickness - Name : T6B09 Question : 'What are the names of the two electrodes of a diode?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Plus and minus - Text : Source and drain - Text : Anode and cathode - Text : Gate and base - Name : T6B10 Question : 'What are the three electrodes of a PNP or NPN transistor?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'Emitter, base, and collector' - Text : 'Source, gate, and drain' - Text : 'Cathode, grid, and plate' - Text : 'Cathode, drift cavity, and collector' - Name : T6B11 Question : 'What at are the three electrodes of a field effect transistor?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'Emitter, base, and collector' - Text : 'Source, gate, and drain' - Text : 'Cathode, grid, and plate' - Text : 'Cathode, gate, and anode' - Name : T6B12 Question : 'What is the term that describes a transistor''s ability to amplify a signal?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Gain - Text : Forward resistance - Text : Forward voltage drop - Text : On resistance - Group : T6C gDescription : Circuit diagrams; schematic symbols Questions : - Name : T6C01 Question : 'What is the name for standardized representations of components in an electrical wiring diagram?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Electrical depictions - Text : Grey sketch - Text : Schematic symbols - Text : Component callouts - Name : T6C02 Question : 'What is component 1 in figure T1?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Transistor - Text : Battery - Text : Connector Figure : T1.png - Name : T6C03 Question : 'What is component 2 in figure T1?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Transistor - Text : Indicator lamp - Text : Connector Figure : T1.png - Name : T6C04 Question : 'What is component 3 in figure T1?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Transistor - Text : Lamp - Text : Ground symbol Figure : T1.png - Name : T6C05 Question : 'What is component 4 in figure T1?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Transistor - Text : Battery - Text : Ground symbol Figure : T1.png - Name : T6C06 Question : 'What is component 6 in figure T2?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Capacitor - Text : Regulator IC - Text : Transistor Figure : T2.png - Name : T6C07 Question : 'What is component 8 in figure T2?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Inductor - Text : Regulator IC - Text : Light emitting diode Figure : T2.png - Name : T6C08 Question : 'What is component 9 in figure T2?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Variable capacitor - Text : Variable inductor - Text : Variable resistor - Text : Variable transformer Figure : T2.png - Name : T6C09 Question : 'What is component 4 in figure T2?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Variable inductor - Text : 'Double-pole switch' - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Transformer Figure : T2.png - Name : T6C10 Question : 'What is component 3 in figure T3?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Connector - Text : Meter - Text : Variable capacitor - Text : Variable inductor Figure : T3.png - Name : T6C11 Question : 'What is component 4 in figure T3?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Antenna - Text : Transmitter - Text : Dummy load - Text : Ground Figure : T3.png - Name : T6C12 Question : 'What do the symbols on an electrical circuit schematic diagram represent?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Electrical components - Text : Logic states - Text : Digital codes - Text : Traffic nodes - Name : T6C13 Question : 'Which of the following is accurately represented in electrical circuit schematic diagrams?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Wire lengths - Text : Physical appearance of components - Text : The way components are interconnected - Text : All of these choices are correct - Group : T6D gDescription : 'Component functions: rectification; switches; indicators; power supply components; resonant circuit; shielding; power transformers; integrated circuits' Questions : - Name : T6D01 Question : 'Which of the following devices or circuits changes an alternating current into a varying direct current signal?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Transformer - Text : Rectifier - Text : Amplifier - Text : Reflector - Name : T6D02 Question : 'What best describes a relay?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A switch controlled by an electromagnet - Text : A current controlled amplifier - Text : An optical sensor - Text : A pass transistor - Name : T6D03 Question : 'What type of switch is represented by component 3 in figure T2?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'Single-pole single-throw' - Text : 'Single-pole double-throw' - Text : 'Double-pole single-throw' - Text : 'Double-pole double-throw' Figure : T2.png - Name : T6D04 Question : 'Which of the following can be used to display signal strength on a numeric scale?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Transistor - Text : Meter - Text : Relay - Name : T6D05 Question : 'What type of circuit controls the amount of voltage from a power supply?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Regulator - Text : Oscillator - Text : Filter - Text : Phase inverter - Name : T6D06 Question : 'What component is commonly used to change 120V AC house current to a lower AC voltage for other uses?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Variable capacitor - Text : Transformer - Text : Transistor - Text : Diode - Name : T6D07 Question : 'Which of the following is commonly used as a visual indicator?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : LED - Text : FET - Text : Zener diode - Text : Bipolar transistor - Name : T6D08 Question : 'Which of the following is used together with an inductor to make a tuned circuit?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Resistor - Text : Zener diode - Text : Potentiometer - Text : Capacitor - Name : T6D09 Question : 'What is the name of a device that combines several semiconductors and other components into one package?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Transducer - Text : 'Multi-pole relay' - Text : Integrated circuit - Text : Transformer - Name : T6D10 Question : 'What is the function of component 2 in Figure T1?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Give off light when current flows through it - Text : Supply electrical energy - Text : Control the flow of current - Text : Convert electrical energy into radio waves Figure : T1.png - Name : T6D11 Question : 'What is a simple resonant or tuned circuit?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : An inductor and a capacitor connected in series or parallel to form a filter - Text : A type of voltage regulator - Text : A resistor circuit used for reducing standing wave ratio - Text : A circuit designed to provide high fidelity audio - Name : T6D12 Question : 'Which of the following is a common reason to use shielded wire?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : To decrease the resistance of DC power connections - Text : To increase the current carrying capability of the wire - Text : To prevent coupling of unwanted signals to or from the wire - Text : To couple the wire to other signals - Subelement : T7 sDescription : 'Station Equipment: Common Transmitter and Receiver Problems; Antenna Measurements; Troubleshooting; Basic Repair and Testing' nExpectedGroups : 4 nExpectedQuestions : 48 Groups : - Group : T7A gDescription : 'Station equipment: receivers; transmitters; transceivers; modulation; transverters; low power and weak signal operation; transmit and receive amplifiers' Questions : - Name : T7A01 Question : 'Which term describes the ability of a receiver to detect the presence of a signal?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Linearity - Text : Sensitivity - Text : Selectivity - Text : Total Harmonic Distortion - Name : T7A02 Question : 'What is a transceiver?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : A type of antenna switch - Text : A unit combining the functions of a transmitter and a receiver - Text : A component in a repeater which filters out unwanted interference - Text : A type of antenna matching network - Name : T7A03 Question : 'Which of the following is used to convert a radio signal from one frequency to another?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Phase splitter - Text : Mixer - Text : Inverter - Text : Amplifier - Name : T7A04 Question : 'Which term describes the ability of a receiver to discriminate between multiple signals?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Discrimination ratio - Text : Sensitivity - Text : Selectivity - Text : Harmonic Distortion - Name : T7A05 Question : 'What is the name of a circuit that generates a signal of a desired frequency?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Reactance modulator - Text : Product detector - Text : 'Low-pass filter' - Text : Oscillator - Name : T7A06 Question : 'What device takes the output of a low-powered 28 MHz SSB exciter and produces a 222 MHz output signal?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'High-pass filter' - Text : 'Low-pass filter' - Text : Transverter - Text : Phase converter - Name : T7A07 Question : 'What is meant by term "PTT"?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Pre-transmission tuning to reduce transmitter harmonic emission' - Text : Precise tone transmissions used to limit repeater access to only certain signals - Text : A primary transformer tuner use to match antennas - Text : The push to talk function which switches between receive and transmit - Name : T7A08 Question : 'Which of the following describes combining speech with an RF carrier signal?-' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Impedance matching - Text : Oscillation - Text : Modulation - Text : 'Low-pass filtering' - Name : T7A09 Question : 'Which of the following devices is most useful for VHF weak-signal communication?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'A quarter-wave vertical antenna' - Text : 'A multi-mode VHF transceiver' - Text : 'An omni-directional antenna' - Text : A mobile VHF FM transceiver - Name : T7A10 Question : 'What device increases the low-power output from a handheld transceiver?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : A voltage divider - Text : An RF power amplifier - Text : An impedance network - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T7A11 Question : 'Where is an RF preamplifier installed?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Between the antenna and receiver - Text : "At the output of the transmitter's power amplifier" - Text : Between a transmitter and antenna tuner - Text : "At the receiver's audio output" - Group : T7B gDescription : 'Common transmitter and receiver problems: symptoms of overload and overdrive; distortion; causes of interference; interference and consumer electronics; part 15 devices; over and under modulation; RF feedback; off frequency signals; fading and noise; problems with digital communications interfaces' Questions : - Name : T7B01 Question : 'What can you do if you are told your FM handheld or mobile transceiver is over-deviating?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Talk louder into the microphone - Text : Let the transceiver cool off - Text : Change to a higher power level - Text : Talk farther away from the microphone - Name : T7B02 Question : 'What would cause a broadcast AM or FM radio to receive an amateur radio transmission unintentionally?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The receiver is unable to reject strong signals outside the AM or FM band - Text : The microphone gain of the transmitter is turned up too high - Text : The audio amplifier of the transmitter is overloaded - Text : The deviation of an FM transmitter is set too low - Name : T7B03 Question : 'Which of the following may be a cause of radio frequency interference?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Fundamental overload - Text : Harmonics - Text : Spurious emissions - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T7B04 Question : 'Which of the following is a way to reduce or eliminate interference by an amateur transmitter to a nearby telephone?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Put a filter on the amateur transmitter - Text : Reduce the microphone gain - Text : Reduce the SWR on the transmitter transmission line - Text : Put a RF filter on the telephone - Name : T7B05 Question : 'How can overload of a non-amateur radio or TV receiver by an amateur signal be reduced or eliminated?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Block the amateur signal with a filter at the antenna input of the affected receiver - Text : Block the interfering signal with a filter on the amateur transmitter - Text : Switch the transmitter from FM to SSB - Text : 'Switch the transmitter to a narrow-band mode' - Name : T7B06 Question : 'Which of the following actions should you take if a neighbor tells you that your station''s transmissions are interfering with their radio or TV reception?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Make sure that your station is functioning properly and that it does not cause interference to your own radio or television when it is tuned to the same channel - Text : Immediately turn off your transmitter and contact the nearest FCC office for assistance - Text : Tell them that your license gives you the right to transmit and nothing can be done to reduce the interference - Text : Install a harmonic doubler on the output of your transmitter and tune it until the interference is eliminated - Name : T7B07 Question : 'Which of the following may be useful in correcting a radio frequency interference problem?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Snap-on ferrite chokes' - Text : 'Low-pass and high-pass filters' - Text : 'Band-reject and band-pass filters' - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T7B08 Question : 'What should you do if something in a neighbor''s home is causing harmful interference to your amateur station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Work with your neighbor to identify the offending device - Text : Politely inform your neighbor about the rules that prohibit the use of devices which cause interference - Text : Check your station and make sure it meets the standards of good amateur practice - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T7B09 Question : 'What is a Part 15 device?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : An unlicensed device that may emit low powered radio signals on frequencies used by a licensed service - Text : "A type of amateur radio that can legally be used in the citizen's band" - Text : A device for long distance communications using special codes sanctioned by the International Amateur Radio Union - Text : A type of test set used to determine whether a transmitter is in compliance with FCC regulation 91.15 - Name : T7B10 Question : 'What might be the problem if you receive a report that your audio signal through the repeater is distorted or unintelligible?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Your transmitter may be slightly off frequency - Text : Your batteries may be running low - Text : You could be in a bad location - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T7B11 Question : 'What is a symptom of RF feedback in a transmitter or transceiver?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Excessive SWR at the antenna connection - Text : The transmitter will not stay on the desired frequency - Text : 'Reports of garbled, distorted, or unintelligible transmissions' - Text : Frequent blowing of power supply fuses - Name : T7B12 Question : 'What might be the first step to resolve cable TV interference from your ham radio transmission?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Add a low pass filter to the TV antenna input - Text : Add a high pass filter to the TV antenna input - Text : Add a preamplifier to the TV antenna input - Text : Be sure all TV coaxial connectors are installed properly - Group : T7C gDescription : 'Antenna measurements and troubleshooting: measuring SWR; dummy loads; coaxial cables; feed line failure modes' Questions : - Name : T7C01 Question : 'What is the primary purpose of a dummy load?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : To prevent the radiation of signals when making tests - Text : 'To prevent over-modulation of your transmitter' - Text : To improve the radiation from your antenna - Text : To improve the signal to noise ratio of your receiver - Name : T7C02 Question : 'Which of the following instruments can be used to determine if an antenna is resonant at the desired operating frequency?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : A VTVM - Text : An antenna analyzer - Text : A Q meter - Text : A frequency counter - Name : T7C03 Question : 'What, in general terms, is standing wave ratio (SWR)?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A measure of how well a load is matched to a transmission line - Text : The ratio of high to low impedance in a feed line - Text : The transmitter efficiency ratio - Text : "An indication of the quality of your station's ground connection" - Name : T7C04 Question : 'What reading on an SWR meter indicates a perfect impedance match between the antenna and the feed line?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 2 to 1 - Text : 1 to 3 - Text : 1 to 1 - Text : 10 to 1 - Name : T7C05 Question : 'What is the approximate SWR value above which the protection circuits in most solid-state transmitters begin to reduce transmitter power?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 2 to 1 - Text : 1 to 2 - Text : 6 to 1 - Text : 10 to 1 - Name : T7C06 Question : 'What does an SWR reading of 4:1 indicate?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Loss of -4dB' - Text : Good impedance match - Text : Gain of +4dB - Text : Impedance mismatch - Name : T7C07 Question : 'What happens to power lost in a feed line?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : It increases the SWR - Text : It comes back into your transmitter and could cause damage - Text : It is converted into heat - Text : It can cause distortion of your signal - Name : T7C08 Question : 'What instrument other than an SWR meter could you use to determine if a feed line and antenna are properly matched?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Voltmeter - Text : Ohmmeter - Text : Iambic pentameter - Text : Directional wattmeter - Name : T7C09 Question : 'Which of the following is the most common cause for failure of coaxial cables?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Moisture contamination - Text : Gamma rays - Text : The velocity factor exceeds 1.0 - Text : Overloading - Name : T7C10 Question : 'Why should the outer jacket of coaxial cable be resistant to ultraviolet light?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Ultraviolet resistant jackets prevent harmonic radiation - Text : "Ultraviolet light can increase losses in the cable's jacket" - Text : 'Ultraviolet and RF signals can mix together, causing interference' - Text : Ultraviolet light can damage the jacket and allow water to enter the cable - Name : T7C11 Question : 'What is a disadvantage of air core coaxial cable when compared to foam or solid dielectric types?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : It has more loss per foot - Text : It cannot be used for VHF or UHF antennas - Text : It requires special techniques to prevent water absorption - Text : It cannot be used at below freezing temperatures - Name : T7C12 Question : 'Which of the following is a common use of coaxial cable?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Carrying dc power from a vehicle battery to a mobile radio - Text : Carrying RF signals between a radio and antenna - Text : 'Securing masts, tubing, and other cylindrical objects on towers' - Text : Connecting data signals from a TNC to a computer - Name : T7C13 Question : 'What does a dummy load consist of?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'A high-gain amplifier and a TR switch' - Text : 'A non-inductive resistor and a heat sink' - Text : A low voltage power supply and a DC relay - Text : A 50 ohm reactance used to terminate a transmission line - Group : T7D gDescription : 'Basic repair and testing: soldering; using basic test instruments; connecting a voltmeter, ammeter, or ohmmeter' Questions : - Name : T7D01 Question : 'Which instrument would you use to measure electric potential or electromotive force?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : An ammeter - Text : A voltmeter - Text : A wavemeter - Text : An ohmmeter - Name : T7D02 Question : 'What is the correct way to connect a voltmeter to a circuit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : In series with the circuit - Text : In parallel with the circuit - Text : In quadrature with the circuit - Text : In phase with the circuit - Name : T7D03 Question : 'How is an ammeter usually connected to a circuit?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : In series with the circuit - Text : In parallel with the circuit - Text : In quadrature with the circuit - Text : In phase with the circuit - Name : T7D04 Question : 'Which instrument is used to measure electric current?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : An ohmmeter - Text : A wavemeter - Text : A voltmeter - Text : An ammeter - Name : T7D05 Question : 'What instrument is used to measure resistance?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : An oscilloscope - Text : A spectrum analyzer - Text : A noise bridge - Text : An ohmmeter - Name : T7D06 Question : 'Which of the following might damage a multimeter?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Measuring a voltage too small for the chosen scale - Text : Leaving the meter in the milliamps position overnight - Text : Attempting to measure voltage when using the resistance setting - Text : Not allowing it to warm up properly - Name : T7D07 Question : 'Which of the following measurements are commonly made using a multimeter?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : SWR and RF power - Text : Signal strength and noise - Text : Impedance and reactance - Text : Voltage and resistance - Name : T7D08 Question : 'Which of the following types of solder is best for radio and electronic use?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Acid-core solder' - Text : Silver solder - Text : 'Rosin-core solder' - Text : Aluminum solder - Name : T7D09 Question : 'What is the characteristic appearance of a cold solder joint?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Dark black spots - Text : A bright or shiny surface - Text : A grainy or dull surface - Text : A greenish tint - Name : T7D10 Question : 'What is probably happening when an ohmmeter, connected across an unpowered circuit, initially indicates a low resistance and then shows increasing resistance with time?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The ohmmeter is defective - Text : The circuit contains a large capacitor - Text : The circuit contains a large inductor - Text : The circuit is a relaxation oscillator - Name : T7D11 Question : 'Which of the following precautions should be taken when measuring circuit resistance with an ohmmeter?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Ensure that the applied voltages are correct - Text : Ensure that the circuit is not powered - Text : Ensure that the circuit is grounded - Text : Ensure that the circuit is operating at the correct frequency - Name : T7D12 Question : 'Which of the following precautions should be taken when measuring high voltages with a voltmeter?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Ensure that the voltmeter has very low impedance - Text : Ensure that the voltmeter and leads are rated for use at the voltages to be measured - Text : Ensure that the circuit is grounded through the voltmeter - Text : Ensure that the voltmeter is set to the correct frequency - Subelement : T8 sDescription : 'Modulation Modes: Amateur Satellite Operation; Operating Activities; Non-voice Communications' nExpectedGroups : 4 nExpectedQuestions : 46 Groups : - Group : T8A gDescription : 'Modulation modes: bandwidth of various signals; choice of emission type' Questions : - Name : T8A01 Question : 'Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Spread-spectrum' - Text : Packet radio - Text : Single sideband - Text : Phase shift keying - Name : T8A02 Question : 'What type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF packet radio transmissions?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : FM - Text : SSB - Text : AM - Text : Spread Spectrum - Name : T8A03 Question : 'Which type of voice mode is most often used for long-distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and UHF bands?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : FM - Text : DRM - Text : SSB - Text : PM - Name : T8A04 Question : 'Which type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF and UHF voice repeaters?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : AM - Text : SSB - Text : PSK - Text : FM - Name : T8A05 Question : 'Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : FM voice - Text : SSB voice - Text : CW - Text : 'Slow-scan TV' - Name : T8A06 Question : 'Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF and UHF single-sideband communications?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Upper sideband - Text : Lower sideband - Text : Suppressed sideband - Text : Inverted sideband - Name : T8A07 Question : 'What is the primary advantage of single sideband over FM for voice transmissions?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : SSB signals are easier to tune - Text : SSB signals are less susceptible to interference - Text : SSB signals have narrower bandwidth - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8A08 Question : 'What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband voice signal?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 1 kHz - Text : 3 kHz - Text : 6 kHz - Text : 15 kHz - Name : T8A09 Question : 'What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM phone signal?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Less than 500 Hz - Text : About 150 kHz - Text : Between 10 and 15 kHz - Text : Between 50 and 125 kHz - Name : T8A10 Question : 'What is the typical bandwidth of analog fast-scan TV transmissions on the 70 cm band?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : More than 10 MHz - Text : About 6 MHz - Text : About 3 MHz - Text : About 1 MHz - Name : T8A11 Question : 'What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW signal?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 2.4 kHz - Text : 150 Hz - Text : 1000 Hz - Text : 15 kHz - Group : T8B gDescription : 'Amateur satellite operation; Doppler shift, basic orbits, operating protocols; control operator, transmitter power considerations; satellite tracking; digital modes' Questions : - Name : T8B01 Question : 'Who may be the control operator of a station communicating through an amateur satellite or space station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Only an Amateur Extra Class operator - Text : A General Class licensee or higher licensee who has a satellite operator certification - Text : Only an Amateur Extra Class operator who is also an AMSAT member - Text : Any amateur whose license privileges allow them to transmit on the satellite uplink frequency ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.301, 97.207(c)' - Name : T8B02 Question : 'How much transmitter power should be used on the uplink frequency of an amateur satellite or space station?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The maximum power of your transmitter - Text : The minimum amount of power needed to complete the contact - Text : No more than half the rating of your linear amplifier - Text : Never more than 1 watt ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.313 - Name : T8B03 Question : 'Which of the following are provided by satellite tracking programs?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Maps showing the real-time position of the satellite track over the earth' - Text : 'The time, azimuth, and elevation of the start, maximum altitude, and end of a pass' - Text : 'The apparent frequency of the satellite transmission, including effects of Doppler shift' - Text : All of these answers are correct - Name : T8B04 Question : 'Which amateur stations may make contact with an amateur station on the International Space Station using 2 meter and 70 cm band amateur radio frequencies?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Only members of amateur radio clubs at NASA facilities - Text : Any amateur holding a Technician or higher class license - Text : "Only the astronaut's family members who are hams" - Text : You cannot talk to the ISS on amateur radio frequencies ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : '97.301, 97.207(c)' - Name : T8B05 Question : 'What is a satellite beacon?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The primary transmit antenna on the satellite - Text : An indicator light that that shows where to point your antenna - Text : A reflective surface on the satellite - Text : A transmission from a space station that contains information about a satellite - Name : T8B06 Question : 'Which of the following are inputs to a satellite tracking program?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The weight of the satellite - Text : The Keplerian elements - Text : The last observed time of zero Doppler shift - Text : All of these answers are correct - Name : T8B07 Question : 'With regard to satellite communications, what is Doppler shift?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : A change in the satellite orbit - Text : A mode where the satellite receives signals on one band and transmits on another - Text : An observed change in signal frequency caused by relative motion between the satellite and the earth station - Text : A special digital communications mode for some satellites - Name : T8B08 Question : 'What is meant by the statement that a satellite is operating in mode U/V?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The satellite uplink is in the 15 meter band and the downlink is in the 10 meter band - Text : The satellite uplink is in the 70 cm band and the downlink is in the 2 meter band - Text : The satellite operates using ultraviolet frequencies - Text : The satellite frequencies are usually variable - Name : T8B09 Question : 'What causes spin fading when referring to satellite signals?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Circular polarized noise interference radiated from the sun - Text : Rotation of the satellite and its antennas - Text : Doppler shift of the received signal - Text : Interfering signals within the satellite uplink band - Name : T8B10 Question : 'What do the initials LEO tell you about an amateur satellite?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The satellite battery is in Low Energy Operation mode - Text : The satellite is performing a Lunar Ejection Orbit maneuver - Text : The satellite is in a Low Earth Orbit - Text : The satellite uses Light Emitting Optics - Name : T8B11 Question : 'What is a commonly used method of sending signals to and from a digital satellite?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : USB AFSK - Text : PSK31 - Text : FM Packet - Text : WSJT - Group : T8C gDescription : 'Operating activities: radio direction finding; radio control; contests; linking over the Internet; grid locators' Questions : - Name : T8C01 Question : 'Which of the following methods is used to locate sources of noise interference or jamming?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Echolocation - Text : Doppler radar - Text : Radio direction finding - Text : Phase locking - Name : T8C02 Question : 'Which of these items would be useful for a hidden transmitter hunt?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Calibrated SWR meter - Text : A directional antenna - Text : A calibrated noise bridge - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8C03 Question : 'What popular operating activity involves contacting as many stations as possible during a specified period of time?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Contesting - Text : Net operations - Text : Public service events - Text : Simulated emergency exercises - Name : T8C04 Question : 'Which of the following is good procedure when contacting another station in a radio contest?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Be sure to sign only the last two letters of your call if there is a pileup calling the station - Text : Work the station twice to be sure that you are in his log - Text : Send only the minimum information needed for proper identification and the contest exchange - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8C05 Question : 'What is a grid locator?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'A letter-number designator assigned to a geographic location' - Text : 'A letter-number designator assigned to an azimuth and elevation' - Text : An instrument for neutralizing a final amplifier - Text : An instrument for radio direction finding - Name : T8C06 Question : 'How is access to an IRLP node accomplished?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : By obtaining a password which is sent via voice to the node - Text : By using DTMF signals - Text : By entering the proper Internet password - Text : By using CTCSS tone codes - Name : T8C07 Question : 'What is the maximum power allowed when transmitting telecommand signals to radio controlled models?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 500 milliwatts - Text : 1 watt - Text : 25 watts - Text : 1500 watts ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.215(c) - Name : T8C08 Question : 'What is required in place of on-air station identification when sending signals to a radio control model using amateur frequencies?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Voice identification must be transmitted every 10 minutes - Text : Morse code ID must be sent once per hour - Text : 'A label indicating the licensee''s name, call sign and address must be affixed to the transmitter' - Text : A flag must be affixed to the transmitter antenna with the station call sign in 1 inch high letters or larger ExplanationSource : FCC ExplanationReference : 97.215(a) - Name : T8C09 Question : 'How might you obtain a list of active nodes that use VoIP?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : From the FCC Rulebook - Text : From your local emergency coordinator - Text : From a repeater directory - Text : From the local repeater frequency coordinator - Name : T8C10 Question : 'How do you select a specific IRLP node when using a portable transceiver?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Choose a specific CTCSS tone - Text : Choose the correct DSC tone - Text : Access the repeater autopatch - Text : Use the keypad to transmit the IRLP node ID - Name : T8C11 Question : 'What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to the Internet?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A gateway - Text : A repeater - Text : A digipeater - Text : A beacon - Name : T8C12 Question : 'What is meant by Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) as used in amateur radio?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : A set of rules specifying how to identify your station when linked over the Internet to another station - Text : A set of guidelines for working DX during contests using Internet access - Text : A technique for measuring the modulation quality of a transmitter using remote sites monitored via the Internet - Text : A method of delivering voice communications over the Internet using digital techniques - Name : T8C13 Question : 'What is the Internet Radio Linking Project (IRLP)?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'A technique to connect amateur radio systems, such as repeaters, via the Internet using Voice Over Internet Protocol' - Text : A system for providing access to websites via amateur radio - Text : A system for informing amateurs in real time of the frequency of active DX stations - Text : A technique for measuring signal strength of an amateur transmitter via the Internet - Group : T8D gDescription : 'Non-voice communications: image signals; digital modes; CW; packet; PSK31; APRS; error detection and correction; NTSC' Questions : - Name : T8D01 Question : 'Which of the following is an example of a digital communications method?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Packet - Text : PSK31 - Text : MFSK - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8D02 Question : 'What does the term "APRS" mean?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Automatic Packet Reporting System - Text : Associated Public Radio Station - Text : 'Auto Planning Radio Set-up' - Text : Advanced Polar Radio System - Name : T8D03 Question : 'Which of the following devices provides data to the transmitter when sending automatic position reports from a mobile amateur radio station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The vehicle speedometer - Text : A WWV receiver - Text : 'A connection to a broadcast FM sub-carrier receiver' - Text : A Global Positioning System receiver - Name : T8D04 Question : 'What type of transmission is indicated by the term NTSC?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : A Normal Transmission mode in Static Circuit - Text : A special mode for earth satellite uplink - Text : An analog fast scan color TV signal - Text : A frame compression scheme for TV signals - Name : T8D05 Question : 'Which of the following is an application of APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System)?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Providing real time tactical digital communications in conjunction with a map showing the locations of stations - Text : Showing automatically the number of packets transmitted via PACTOR during a specific time interval - Text : Providing voice over Internet connection between repeaters - Text : Providing information on the number of stations signed into a repeater - Name : T8D06 Question : 'What does the abbreviation PSK mean?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Pulse Shift Keying - Text : Phase Shift Keying - Text : Packet Short Keying - Text : Phased Slide Keying - Name : T8D07 Question : 'What is PSK31?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'A high-rate data transmission mode' - Text : A method of reducing noise interference to FM signals - Text : A method of compressing digital television signals - Text : 'A low-rate data transmission mode' - Name : T8D08 Question : 'Which of the following may be included in packet transmissions?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : A check sum which permits error detection - Text : A header which contains the call sign of the station to which the information is being sent - Text : Automatic repeat request in case of error - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8D09 Question : 'What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Baudot - Text : Hamming - Text : International Morse - Text : Gray - Name : T8D10 Question : 'Which of the following can be used to transmit CW in the amateur bands?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Straight Key - Text : Electronic Keyer - Text : Computer Keyboard - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T8D11 Question : 'What is an ARQ transmission system?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : A special transmission format limited to video signals - Text : A system used to encrypt command signals to an amateur radio satellite - Text : A digital scheme whereby the receiving station detects errors and sends a request to the sending station to retransmit the information - Text : A method of compressing the data in a message so more information can be sent in a shorter time - Subelement : T9 sDescription : Antennas and Feed Lines nExpectedGroups : 2 nExpectedQuestions : 25 Groups : - Group : T9A gDescription : 'Antennas: vertical and horizontal polarization; concept of gain; common portable and mobile antennas; relationships between antenna length and frequency' Questions : - Name : T9A01 Question : 'What is a beam antenna?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'An antenna built from aluminum I-beams' - Text : An omnidirectional antenna invented by Clarence Beam - Text : An antenna that concentrates signals in one direction - Text : An antenna that reverses the phase of received signals - Name : T9A02 Question : 'Which of the following is true regarding vertical antennas?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The magnetic field is perpendicular to the Earth - Text : The electric field is perpendicular to the Earth - Text : The phase is inverted - Text : The phase is reversed - Name : T9A03 Question : 'Which of the following describes a simple dipole mounted so the conductor is parallel to the Earth''s surface?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : A ground wave antenna - Text : A horizontally polarized antenna - Text : A rhombic antenna - Text : A vertically polarized antenna - Name : T9A04 Question : 'What is a disadvantage of the "rubber duck" antenna supplied with most handheld radio transceivers?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : 'It does not transmit or receive as effectively as a full-sized antenna' - Text : It transmits a circularly polarized signal - Text : If the rubber end cap is lost it will unravel very quickly - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T9A05 Question : 'How would you change a dipole antenna to make it resonant on a higher frequency?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Lengthen it - Text : Insert coils in series with radiating wires - Text : Shorten it - Text : Add capacitive loading to the ends of the radiating wires - Name : T9A06 Question : 'What type of antennas are the quad, Yagi, and dish?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Non-resonant antennas' - Text : Loop antennas - Text : Directional antennas - Text : Isotropic antennas - Name : T9A07 Question : 'What is a good reason not to use a "rubber duck" antenna inside your car?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Signals can be significantly weaker than when it is outside of the vehicle - Text : It might cause your radio to overheat - Text : 'The SWR might decrease, decreasing the signal strength' - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T9A08 Question : 'What is the approximate length, in inches, of a quarter-wavelength vertical antenna for 146 MHz?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 112 - Text : 50 - Text : 19 - Text : 12 - Name : T9A09 Question : 'What is the approximate length, in inches, of a 6 meter 1/2-wavelength wire dipole antenna?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 6 - Text : 50 - Text : 112 - Text : 236 - Name : T9A10 Question : 'In which direction is the radiation strongest from a half-wave dipole antenna in free space?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Equally in all directions - Text : Off the ends of the antenna - Text : Broadside to the antenna - Text : In the direction of the feed line - Name : T9A11 Question : 'What is meant by the gain of an antenna?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The additional power that is added to the transmitter power - Text : The additional power that is lost in the antenna when transmitting on a higher frequency - Text : The increase in signal strength in a specified direction when compared to a reference antenna - Text : The increase in impedance on receive or transmit compared to a reference antenna - Name : T9A12 Question : 'What is a reason to use a properly mounted 5/8 wavelength antenna for VHF or UHF mobile service?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : It offers a lower angle of radiation and more gain than a 1/4 wavelength antenna and usually provides improved coverage - Text : It features a very high angle of radiation and is better for communicating via a repeater - Text : The 5/8 wavelength antenna completely eliminates distortion caused by reflected signals - Text : 'The 5/8 wavelength antenna offers a 10-times power gain over a 1/4 wavelength design' - Name : T9A13 Question : 'Why are VHF or UHF mobile antennas often mounted in the center of the vehicle roof?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Roof mounts have the lowest possible SWR of any mounting configuration - Text : Only roof mounting can guarantee a vertically polarized signal - Text : A roof mounted antenna normally provides the most uniform radiation pattern - Text : Roof mounted antennas are always the easiest to install - Name : T9A14 Question : 'Which of the following terms describes a type of loading when referring to an antenna?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Inserting an inductor in the radiating portion of the antenna to make it electrically longer - Text : Inserting a resistor in the radiating portion of the antenna to make it resonant - Text : Installing a spring at the base of the antenna to absorb the effects of collisions with other objects - Text : Making the antenna heavier so it will resist wind effects when in motion - Group : T9B gDescription : 'Feed lines: types of feed lines; attenuation vs. frequency; SWR concepts; matching; weather protection; choosing RF connectors and feed lines' Questions : - Name : T9B01 Question : 'Why is it important to have a low SWR in an antenna system that uses coaxial cable feed line?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : To reduce television interference - Text : To allow the efficient transfer of power and reduce losses - Text : To prolong antenna life - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T9B02 Question : 'What is the impedance of the most commonly used coaxial cable in typical amateur radio installations?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 8 ohms - Text : 50 ohms - Text : 600 ohms - Text : 12 ohms - Name : T9B03 Question : 'Why is coaxial cable used more often than any other feed line for amateur radio antenna systems?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : It is easy to use and requires few special installation considerations - Text : It has less loss than any other type of feed line - Text : It can handle more power than any other type of feed line - Text : It is less expensive than any other types of feed line - Name : T9B04 Question : 'What does an antenna tuner do?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : "It matches the antenna system impedance to the transceiver's output impedance" - Text : It helps a receiver automatically tune in weak stations - Text : It allows an antenna to be used on both transmit and receive - Text : It automatically selects the proper antenna for the frequency band being used - Name : T9B05 Question : 'What generally happens as the frequency of a signal passing through coaxial cable is increased?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : The apparent SWR increases - Text : The reflected power increases - Text : The characteristic impedance increases - Text : The loss increases - Name : T9B06 Question : 'Which of the following connectors is most suitable for frequencies above 400 MHz?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 'A UHF (PL-259/SO-239) connector' - Text : A Type N connector - Text : 'An RS-213 connector' - Text : 'A DB-25 connector' - Name : T9B07 Question : 'Which of the following is true of PL-259 type coax connectors?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : They are preferred for microwave operation - Text : They are water tight - Text : They are commonly used at HF frequencies - Text : They are a bayonet type connector - Name : T9B08 Question : 'Why should coax connectors exposed to the weather be sealed against water intrusion?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : To prevent an increase in feed line loss - Text : To prevent interference to telephones - Text : To keep the jacket from becoming loose - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T9B09 Question : 'What might cause erratic changes in SWR readings?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : The transmitter is being modulated - Text : A loose connection in an antenna or a feed line - Text : 'The transmitter is being over-modulated' - Text : Interference from other stations is distorting your signal - Name : T9B10 Question : 'What electrical difference exists between the smaller RG-58 and larger RG-8 coaxial cables?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : There is no significant difference between the two types - Text : 'RG-58 cable has less loss at a given frequency' - Text : 'RG-8 cable has less loss at a given frequency' - Text : 'RG-58 cable can handle higher power levels' - Name : T9B11 Question : 'Which of the following types of feed line has the lowest loss at VHF and UHF?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : '50-ohm flexible coax' - Text : 'Multi-conductor unbalanced cable' - Text : 'Air-insulated hard line' - Text : '75-ohm flexible coax' - Subelement : T0 sDescription : 'Electrical Safety: Ac and Dc Power Circuits; Antenna Installation; RF Hazards' nExpectedGroups : 3 nExpectedQuestions : 36 Groups : - Group : T0A gDescription : 'Power circuits and hazards: hazardous voltages; fuses and circuit breakers; grounding; lightning protection; battery safety; electrical code compliance' Questions : - Name : T0A01 Question : 'Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Touching both terminals with the hands can cause electrical shock - Text : 'Shorting the terminals can cause burns, fire, or an explosion' - Text : RF emissions from the battery - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A02 Question : 'How does current flowing through the body cause a health hazard?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : By heating tissue - Text : It disrupts the electrical functions of cells - Text : It causes involuntary muscle contractions - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A03 Question : 'What is connected to the green wire in a three-wire electrical AC plug?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Neutral - Text : Hot - Text : Safety ground - Text : The white wire - Name : T0A04 Question : 'What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : To prevent power supply ripple from damaging a circuit - Text : To interrupt power in case of overload - Text : To limit current to prevent shocks - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A05 Question : 'Why is it unwise to install a 20-ampere fuse in the place of a 5-ampere fuse?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The larger fuse would be likely to blow because it is rated for higher current - Text : The power supply ripple would greatly increase - Text : Excessive current could cause a fire - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A06 Question : 'What is a good way to guard against electrical shock at your station?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : 'Use three-wire cords and plugs for all AC powered equipment' - Text : Connect all AC powered station equipment to a common safety ground - Text : 'Use a circuit protected by a ground-fault interrupter' - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A07 Question : 'Which of these precautions should be taken when installing devices for lightning protection in a coaxial cable feed line?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Include a parallel bypass switch for each protector so that it can be switched out of the circuit when running high power - Text : Include a series switch in the ground line of each protector to prevent RF overload from inadvertently damaging the protector - Text : Keep the ground wires from each protector separate and connected to station ground - Text : Ground all of the protectors to a common plate which is in turn connected to an external ground - Name : T0A08 Question : 'What safety equipment should always be included in home-built equipment that is powered from 120V AC power circuits?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : A fuse or circuit breaker in series with the AC hot conductor - Text : An AC voltmeter across the incoming power source - Text : An inductor in series with the AC power source - Text : A capacitor across the AC power source - Name : T0A09 Question : 'What kind of hazard is presented by a conventional 12-volt storage battery?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : It emits ozone which can be harmful to the atmosphere - Text : Shock hazard due to high voltage - Text : Explosive gas can collect if not properly vented - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A10 Question : 'What can happen if a lead-acid storage battery is charged or discharged too quickly?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : The battery could overheat and give off flammable gas or explode - Text : The voltage can become reversed - Text : The memory effect will reduce the capacity of the battery - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0A11 Question : 'What kind of hazard might exist in a power supply when it is turned off and disconnected?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Static electricity could damage the grounding system - Text : Circulating currents inside the transformer might cause damage - Text : The fuse might blow if you remove the cover - Text : You might receive an electric shock from the charged stored in large capacitors - Group : T0B gDescription : 'Antenna safety: tower safety; erecting an antenna support; overhead power lines; installing an antenna' Questions : - Name : T0B01 Question : 'When should members of a tower work team wear a hard hat and safety glasses?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : At all times except when climbing the tower - Text : At all times except when belted firmly to the tower - Text : At all times when any work is being done on the tower - Text : Only when the tower exceeds 30 feet in height - Name : T0B02 Question : 'What is a good precaution to observe before climbing an antenna tower?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Make sure that you wear a grounded wrist strap - Text : Remove all tower grounding connections - Text : Put on a climbing harness and safety glasses - Text : All of the these choices are correct - Name : T0B03 Question : 'Under what circumstances is it safe to climb a tower without a helper or observer?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : When no electrical work is being performed - Text : When no mechanical work is being performed - Text : When the work being done is not more than 20 feet above the ground - Text : Never - Name : T0B04 Question : 'Which of the following is an important safety precaution to observe when putting up an antenna tower?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Wear a ground strap connected to your wrist at all times - Text : Insulate the base of the tower to avoid lightning strikes - Text : Look for and stay clear of any overhead electrical wires - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0B05 Question : 'What is the purpose of a gin pole?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : To temporarily replace guy wires - Text : To be used in place of a safety harness - Text : To lift tower sections or antennas - Text : To provide a temporary ground - Name : T0B06 Question : 'What is the minimum safe distance from a power line to allow when installing an antenna?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Half the width of your property - Text : The height of the power line above ground - Text : 1/2 wavelength at the operating frequency - Text : 'So that if the antenna falls unexpectedly, no part of it can come closer than 10 feet to the power wires' - Name : T0B07 Question : 'Which of the following is an important safety rule to remember when using a crank-up tower?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : This type of tower must never be painted - Text : This type of tower must never be grounded - Text : This type of tower must never be climbed unless it is in the fully retracted position - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0B08 Question : 'What is considered to be a proper grounding method for a tower?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'A single four-foot ground rod, driven into the ground no more than 12 inches from the base' - Text : 'A ferrite-core RF choke connected between the tower and ground' - Text : 'Separate eight-foot long ground rods for each tower leg, bonded to the tower and each other' - Text : A connection between the tower base and a cold water pipe - Name : T0B09 Question : 'Why should you avoid attaching an antenna to a utility pole?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The antenna will not work properly because of induced voltages - Text : The utility company will charge you an extra monthly fee - Text : 'The antenna could contact high-voltage power wires' - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0B10 Question : 'Which of the following is true concerning grounding conductors used for lightning protection?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 'Only non-insulated wire must be used' - Text : 'Wires must be carefully routed with precise right-angle bends' - Text : Sharp bends must be avoided - Text : Common grounds must be avoided - Name : T0B11 Question : 'Which of the following establishes grounding requirements for an amateur radio tower or antenna?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : FCC Part 97 Rules - Text : Local electrical codes - Text : FAA tower lighting regulations - Text : "Underwriters Laboratories' recommended practices" - Name : T0B12 Question : 'Which of the following is good practice when installing ground wires on a tower for lightning protection?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : Put a loop in the ground connection to prevent water damage to the ground system - Text : 'Make sure that all bends in the ground wires are clean, right angle bends' - Text : Ensure that connections are short and direct - Text : All of these choices are correct - Group : T0C gDescription : 'RF hazards: radiation exposure; proximity to antennas; recognized safe power levels; exposure to others; radiation types; duty cycle' Questions : - Name : T0C01 Question : 'What type of radiation are VHF and UHF radio signals?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Gamma radiation - Text : Ionizing radiation - Text : Alpha radiation - Text : 'Non-ionizing radiation' - Name : T0C02 Question : 'Which of the following frequencies has the lowest value for Maximum Permissible Exposure limit?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : 3.5 MHz - Text : 50 MHz - Text : 440 MHz - Text : 1296 MHz - Name : T0C03 Question : 'What is the maximum power level that an amateur radio station may use at VHF frequencies before an RF exposure evaluation is required?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 1500 watts PEP transmitter output - Text : 1 watt forward power - Text : 50 watts PEP at the antenna - Text : 50 watts PEP reflected power - Name : T0C04 Question : 'What factors affect the RF exposure of people near an amateur station antenna?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Frequency and power level of the RF field - Text : Distance from the antenna to a person - Text : Radiation pattern of the antenna - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0C05 Question : 'Why do exposure limits vary with frequency?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : Lower frequency RF fields have more energy than higher frequency fields - Text : Lower frequency RF fields do not penetrate the human body - Text : Higher frequency RF fields are transient in nature - Text : The human body absorbs more RF energy at some frequencies than at others - Name : T0C06 Question : 'Which of the following is an acceptable method to determine that your station complies with FCC RF exposure regulations?' Answer : D Choices : - Text : By calculation based on FCC OET Bulletin 65 - Text : By calculation based on computer modeling - Text : By measurement of field strength using calibrated equipment - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0C07 Question : 'What could happen if a person accidentally touched your antenna while you were transmitting?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : Touching the antenna could cause television interference - Text : They might receive a painful RF burn - Text : They might develop radiation poisoning - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0C08 Question : 'Which of the following actions might amateur operators take to prevent exposure to RF radiation in excess of FCC-supplied limits?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : Relocate antennas - Text : Relocate the transmitter - Text : Increase the duty cycle - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0C09 Question : 'How can you make sure your station stays in compliance with RF safety regulations?' Answer : B Choices : - Text : By informing the FCC of any changes made in your station - Text : 'By re-evaluating the station whenever an item of equipment is changed' - Text : By making sure your antennas have low SWR - Text : All of these choices are correct - Name : T0C10 Question : 'Why is duty cycle one of the factors used to determine safe RF radiation exposure levels?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : It affects the average exposure of people to radiation - Text : It affects the peak exposure of people to radiation - Text : It takes into account the antenna feed line loss - Text : It takes into account the thermal effects of the final amplifier - Name : T0C11 Question : 'What is the definition of duty cycle during the averaging time for RF exposure?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : The difference between the lowest power output and the highest power output of a transmitter - Text : The difference between the PEP and average power output of a transmitter - Text : The percentage of time that a transmitter is transmitting - Text : The percentage of time that a transmitter is not transmitting - Name : T0C12 Question : 'How does RF radiation differ from ionizing radiation (radioactivity)?' Answer : A Choices : - Text : RF radiation does not have sufficient energy to cause genetic damage - Text : RF radiation can only be detected with an RF dosimeter - Text : RF radiation is limited in range to a few feet - Text : RF radiation is perfectly safe - Name : T0C13 Question : 'If the averaging time for exposure is 6 minutes, how much power density is permitted if the signal is present for 3 minutes and absent for 3 minutes rather than being present for the entire 6 minutes?' Answer : C Choices : - Text : 3 times as much - Text : 1/2 as much - Text : 2 times as much - Text : There is no adjustment allowed for shorter exposure times